ITP (QUALIFYING EXAM)

Question 1

CHAPTER 2 (CHANGE IN TEMPERATURE)

In mother’s uterus the temperature remains constant at about ___ or __ degrees

In prenatal environment it is at ___ or ___ degrees

Answer 1

100 F
38
70 F
21

Question 2

CHAPTER 2

___ is refers as the acquisition of the ability to behave in accordance with social expectations

Answer 2

Social development

Question 3

CHAPTER 2

During the ___ stage and ___ months after birth, growth is usually at a rapid rate?

After a year growth slow down followed by a slow to relatively even growth

In ___, growth is rapid again which is. Called the “ ____ growth sprut” girls will be larger than boys of their age

Answer 3

Prenatal stage
6 months
Puberty

Question 4

CHAPTER 2

___ is the process of gradual unfolding of hereditary traits and potentials. In which the individual has to pass through
___ marks the end of growth and development.
__

Answer 4

Maturation
Maturity

Question 5

CHAPTER 2

During what stage, does it difficult to provide an optimum environment?
Development is rapid on this stage

Answer 5

Preschool age

Question 6

CHAPTER 1

Pioneered areas about the ideas that is necessary to be stimulated in order to be able to gain sensation

Answer 6

Ernst Weber

Question 7

CHAPTER 1

Researcher try to describe the behavior being manifested and change of quality of behavior. Participants are aware that they are being observed and other times the participants do not know they are being observed.

Answer 7

Qualitative and descriptive research

Question 8

CHAPTER 1 PSYCHOGENESIS

Had an insight that the law of the connection between the mind and the body can be found in a statement of quantitative relation between mental sensation and material stimulus.

EX : Imagine you accidentally touch a hot stove. The physical process involves the heat from the stove stimulating nerve endings in your skin. This stimulus is then transmitted to your brain, where it is perceived as the sensation of pain.

Answer 8

Gustav Fechner

Question 9

CHAPTER 1
He is the exponent of hormic psychology, the central idea being that there is an end or purpose which goads us to action. Human progress can only be determined in terms of “Horme” or “drive”

EX : a person might develop a habit of exercising regularly to satisfy the instinct for physical well being and health.

Answer 9

William McDougall

Question 10

CHAPTER 1 (person)

Emphasized the role of social interactions in knowledge construction. Social constructivism turns attention to children’s interaction with parents, peers and teachers in homes, neighborhood and schools. In the ZONE OF PROXIMAL DEVELOPMENT, a student and an expert can work together on problems that the student alone could not work on successfully

EX : a child learns to solve a puzzle by observing and interacting with a parent who demonstrates the process
EX : (ZONE PROXIMAL DEVELOPMENT)
A child can solve simple math problems alone but needs to solve more complex problems. The ZPD represents the potential for learning with assistance

Answer 10

Lev vygotsky

Question 11

CHAPTER 1 (APPLIED FIELDS IN PSYCHOLOGY)

Study human perception, thinking and memory. They are also inclined to the study of reasoning, judgement and decision making. Interested in questions such as how does the mind represent reality? How do people learn? How do people understand and produced language?

Answer 11

Cognitive & perceptual psychologist

Question 12

CHAPTER 1 (APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY)

Focus on methods and techniques for designing experiments and analyzing psychological data. Other known as psychometricians. They develop and evaluate mathematical models for psychological tests. They also propose methods for evaluating the quality and fairness of the test

Answer 12

Quantitative & measurement psychologist

Question 13

CHAPTER 2 (FACILITATING LANGUGAGE DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN)

This view emphasizes on the role played by the parents or caregiver as the facilitators of language acquisition. Some technologies used by parents to facilitate langugage development among children are by means of playing non-verbal games, using simplified speech and rewarding or elaborating children’s own sentences to develop their communicative skills.

Answer 13

Language acquisition support system (LASS)

Question 14

CHAPTER 2 (TEN STAGES OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT)

Adolescence is subdivided into two parts;
1. ____ where most pubertal changes occur. Usually tends to be unpredictable, unstable as well as unsociable at times. This extends from 13 to 17 years of age.
2. ____ who tends to lack sophistication and displays uncontrolled impulse for sexual behavior. This is from 18 to 24 years of age.

Answer 14

Teenager
Youth

Question 15

CHAPTER 2
HOW DO YOU KNOW IF YOU HAVE HIV?

1. After blood sample test (persons blood has HIV antibodies)
2. Temporary Mild Flu after infection and persistent swollen glands
3. DEPRESSION , feeling lonely for a couple of weeks.
4. DIARRHEA
5. THRUSH (White coating in the mouth, with bad taste that cannot be removed by brushing)
6. WEIGHT LOSS
7. SINUS INFECTION, there is much congestion in the head, pressure behind the eyes, relentless pounding in the head and face
8. FATIGUE, tiredness and exhaustion

ABC OF HIV PREVENTION
A - Abstinence or delaying first sex
B - being safe by being faithful
C - correct use of condom

Question 16

CHAPTER 2
____ it is the virus that caused AIDS. Usually infects human cells and it uses the nutrients and the energy provided by these cells to reproduce and grow.
____ a disease leafing to the breakdown of the Body’s immune system which in turn causes the body to fail in fighting off infections (opportunistic infections) Can be found on BLOOD, SEMEN, PRE-CUM, BREAST MILK, VAGINAL FLUIDS, ANAL MUCOUS.
MAIN CAUSES:
1. ____ intimate sexual activities (vaginal, oral, anal sex or sharing of sexual devices like condom)
2.Transmission through ____ from the pregnant woman to the fetus.
3. Transmission through ___ activities like sharing of syringes and needles

Answer 16

HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus)
AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)
Sexual transmission
Pregnancy
Blood

Question 17

CHAPTER 2 DEVELOPMENT
—-8 STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT —-
1. From conception to birth
2. From birth to 2 years
3. From 2 to 6 years
4. From 6 to 11 years
5. From 11 to 20 years
6. From 20 to 40 years
7. From 40 to 60 years
8. From 60 years

Answer 17

Prenatal period
Infancy
Early childhood
Middle childhood
Adolescence
Early adulthood
Middle adulthood
Late adulthood

Question 18

CHAPTER 2 DEVELOPMENT

Scientist have focused so much attention to the approximately 266 days called ____ period while the fetus develops within the mother’s womb.

Answer 18

Gestation

Question 19

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF BEHAVIOR
— SPINAL CORD —–

In the reflex reaction, the nerve impulse or messages follows a special ROUTE known as the ____ this is the simplest form of functional organization between the sensory and motor neurons

Answer 19

Reflex arc

Question 20

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF BEHAVIOR
— Which gland is this? —–
UNDERACTIVITY:
1. ADDISON’S DISEASE is characterized by BRONZE-LIKE discoloration of the skin and generalized physiological breakdown
2. Delayed puberty may result due to UNDERACTIVITY of the ADRENAL CORTEX

OVERACTIVITY:
1. CUSHING DISEASES (women) Characterized by ROUND or MOON-shaped FACE. Cessation of menstruation and appearance of BEARD, change of VOICE (in either sex?
2. Adrenogenital syndrome (girls) is characterized by virilism an increased MASCULINE FEATURES among young girls

Answer 20

Adrenal gland

Question 21

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF BEHAVIOR

___ (male) located in the scoratl sac and secretes the hormone.
___ (female) located within abdominal cavity. Secretes two hormones estrogen and progesterone
___ promotes the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics which makes the female looks typically feminine.
___ responsible for the primary sexual characteristics which prepare the reproductive system for child-bearing

Answer 21

Gonads/ sex glands
Testes
Ovaries

Question 22

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF BEHAVIOR

___ These are small bodies made up of clusters of special cells scattered all over the pancreas. It secretes GLUCAGON (Utilization of sugar by our body cells) INSULIN ( Controls sugar level in the blood)
UNDERACTIVITY : Diabetes mellitus
OVERACTIVITY: Insulin shock, seizure/convulsions

Answer 22

Islets of Langerhans

Question 23

CHAPTER 3 (PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF BEHAVIOR)

___ Also called the “GLAND OF BABYHOOD” keeps an individual childish. Located above the CHEST CAVITY. This gland inhibits sexuality during childhood years. It also helps in building up IMMUNE SYSTEM of the body

Answer 23

Thymus gland

Question 24

CHAPTER 3 (PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF BEHAVIOR)

PEA SHAPED GLAND located at the posterior (back) of the thyroid gland. It secretes PARATHORMONE which controls the CALCIUM LEVEL in the BLOOD

UNDER ACTIVITY: LOCK JAW, spasms of the muscles of the lower jaw leading to convulsions or muscular rigidity
OVERACTIVITY: LETHARGY is characterized by muscular weakness and decreased in nerve cell activity

Answer 24

Parathyroid glands

Question 25

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF BEHAVIOR

(TWO KINDS OF REFLEX)
____ (simple reflex) takes place due to direct connection between a sensory neuron and a motor neuron, without intervening interneurons. Consist only ONE SYNAPSE between what you feel or a sensory input.
EX: When a doctor taps your knee with a small hammer
EX : When a doctor taps your Achilles tendon (sa middle ng foot)
____ (complex reflexes) When you demonstrate sudden withdrawal of hand from PAIN or BLINK to loud sound. This reflex involves MANY SYNAPSES
EX : Touching a hot stove
EX : Stepping on a sharp object

Answer 25

Monosynaptic reflex
Polysynaptic reflex

Question 26

CHAPTER 1 (CONTEMPORARY)

EX (1) : A child cleans their room and receives praise or a treat from their parents
EX (2): A student homework on time and receives a good grade, conversely if they submit late they might lose points
EX (3) : Posting a photo on social media and receiving likes and positive comments
EX (4) : A students hard to avoid failing a test, so the student studied hard

BEHAVIOR IS CONTROLLED BY CONSEQUENCES SUCH AS REWARD AND PUNISHMENT

Answer 26

Operant conditioning

Question 27

CHAPTER 1 (CONTEMPORARY)

EX (1): You hear a specific notification sound and immediately check your phone, the sound has been paired with receiving messages, leading for you to check
EX (2) : Advertisers often use attractive celebrities to endorse products. Seeing the celebrity paired with the product can create positive feelings towards the product
EX (3) : The smell of freshly baked in a bakery make you feel hungry

Answer 27

Classical conditioning

Question 28

CHAPTER 1 (PSYCHOGENESIS)
___ First to formally describe the BIPOLAR DISORDER. He coined the term “manic depressive” to explain how mania and depression both affect the patient.

Answer 28

Emil kraeplin

Question 29

CHAPTER 1 (PSYCHOGENESIS)
___ observed who suffered from damage to a specific area of the brains left hemisphere may lose their ability to speak fluently.
___ recognize as the “ FATHER OF BEHAVIORAL GENETICS” introduced the idea of “ individual differences”

Answer 29

Paul Broca
Francis Galton

Question 30

CHAPTER 1 (PSYCHOGENESIS)
___ gave the difference between IMPRESSIONS and IDEAS between create images and direct sensation

___ responsible for making psychology as a science

___ made the theory of COLOR VISION the eye can only see the basic colors and the other colors that can be seen is a product of mixture of the different colors

Answer 30

David hume
Johann Friedrich Herbart
Hermann von Helmholtz

Question 31

CHAPTER 1 (PSYCHOGENESIS)
___ had his THEORY OF REALITY which is divided in two parts; ONTOLOGY ( treats of “possible” things) and METAPHYSICS (which treats of “Actual” things – the Universe, Soul and God

____ Utilized the method of “Animal magnetism” In curing hysteria. This method today is known as HYPNOSIS

Answer 31

Christian Von Wolf
Franz Anton Mesmer

Question 32

CHAPTER 1 (PSYCHOGENESIS)
___ physical objects are sophisticated machines whose functions and activities can be described and explained in purely MECHANISTIC TERMS. Each of us is motivated to act in such ways as we believe likely to relieve discomfort, to preserve and promote our own well being

___ Had his THEORY OF KNOWLEDGE that our ideas become the only reality, therefore the idea of an individual becomes true only to himself because this is the level of knowledge that he believes in

Answer 32

Thomas hobbes
George Berkeley

Question 33

CHAPTER 1 (PSYCHOGENESIS) – PRE-MODERN PERIOD

___ Attributed for the initial use of the term “ PSYCHOLOGY” in his writing “ YUCOLOGIA HOC DE HOMINIS PERFECTIONE, ANIMA, ORTU”

___ First proposed that psychology should separate from philosophy and psychology should be treated as a natural science. This is his concept of NATURALISM ( Complex interplay between individuals and their environments, often highlighting the harsh realities of life)

Answer 33

Rudolf gockel
Francis bacon

Question 34

CHAPTER 2 DEVELOPMENT (TWO STAGES OF PUBERTY)

1. ___ Where changes in PRIMARY SEXUAL characteristics occur these are usually changes in the reproductive apparatus
2. ___ marked by the completion of PUBIC HAIR GROWTH. Changes in primary sexual characteristics and secondary sexual characteristics (BOOBIES, ETC.)

Answer 34

Pre-pubescence
Post-pubescence

Question 35

CHAPTER 2 (THEORY OF LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT) – CHILDHOOD STAGE
___ Chomsky proposed that children are born with an innate mental structure that guides their acquisition of language, and grammar. He called it (LAD) Langugage acquisition device/ (LAC) langugage making capacity. Children learn LANGUAGE FAR MORE EASILY, especially during critical period of their biological development.
____ believes that langugage development is the result and product of a complex transaction and INTERPLAY BETWEEN NATURE AND NURTURE

Answer 35

The nativist view
The interactionist view

Question 36

CHAPTER 2 (THEORY OF LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT) – CHILDHOOD STAGE
____ This theory used the traditional learning explanations that children imitate what they hear. Children learn words, phrases and sentences directly by imitating what they hear from others. Children get to know if and when It is appropriate for them to use some particular words and phrases based on their experiences

Answer 36

Learning (EMPIRICIST) View

Question 37

CHAPTER 2 (FOUR SPEECH FORMS OF COMMUNICATION) – CHILDHOOD STAGE

• ___ appeared by the third or the sixteenth months of his age. PREVERBAL BABIES start to use gestures and other non verbal responses like facial expressions and gestures
1. ___ the baby calls on somebody else’s attention to an object pointing or touching it.
2.___ the baby tries to convince somebody to do something through his actions like pointing at a toy that he wants and or tugging skirts of caregiver
• ____ done through facial and bodily changes. Smiling, waving arms

Answer 37

Gestures/ Non verbal communication
Declarative gestures
Imperative gestures
Emotional expressions

Question 38

CHAPTER 2 DEVELOPMENT
(FOUR PRE-SPEECH FORMS OF COMMUNICATION) — CHILDHOOD STAGE
___ 1. begins at birth, indicates distress. This is their way of letting adults knoe about their feelings (hungry, pain, wet diapers)
___ 2. movements of the team of muscles used for vocal mechanism, starts at the end of the first month. Consist of 00 sounds (like pigeon). Takes place when there are social exchanges between the infant and caregiver
___ 2.1 Begins in the middle of the first year. Explosive sounds (PLAY SPEECH)

Answer 38

Crying
Cooing
Bubbling

Question 39

CHAPTER 2 DEVELOPMENT – CHILDHOOD STAGE

___Refers to the ability of the child to have control over his bodily movements.
___ If the development proceeds from HEAD-TO-TOE Direction where the upper parts of the body develop first before the bottom parts.
• EX: A baby can lift and turn their head before they can sit up. Later, they learn to crawl and then walk, following the head-to-toe progression
___ if the development proceeds from near to far, with the Bodily Parts near the CENTER DEVELOPING FIRST before the extremities.
• EX: infants gain control over their shoulder and arm movements before they can control their hands and fingers. This means they can wave their arms before they can grasp small objects

Answer 39

Motor development
Cephalo-caudal sequence
Proximo-distal sequence

Question 40

CHAPTER 2 DEVELOPMENT

____ Where newborns start to SUCK things that touch their lips.
____ babies would TURN THEIR HEAD toward the source of something that stimulates their cheeck or mouth.
___ where there is fanning out of baby’s toes when his SOLE is touched
___ causes the baby to GRASP tightly objects placed in their hands
___ displayed when the baby hears a LOUD NOISE, he usually throws out his arms and put them back together on his chest
___ the baby closes his EYES when their is a bright ray that hits his eye

Answer 40

Sucking reflex
Rooting reflex
Babinski reflex
Darwinian reflex
Moro/startle reflex
Pupillary reflex

Question 41

CHAPTER 2 DEVELOPMENT

Occurs when the fetus lies CROSSWISE in the mother’s uterus. Instruments can be used to aid delivery

Answer 41

Transverse presentation birth

Question 42

CHAPTER 2 DEVELOPMENT

Takes place if the fetal BUTTOCKS apper first, followed by the legs, arms and eventually the head

Answer 42

Breech birth

Question 43

CHAPTER 2 DEVELOPMENT
Used to help people achieve pregnancy using sperm from a donor.

Used for: 1. Male partner has Low sperm or POOR SPERM QUALITY
2. Women who want to have a child w/ a male partner
3. Female couples (same -sex)
4. To avoid passing genetic disorders from the male partner

Answer 43

Artificial insemination by a Donor (AID)

Question 44

CHAPTER 2 DEVELOPMENT

An ovum is extracted from the mother’s ovary and then the ovum is allowed to mature in an incubator and fertilized with a few drops of the father’s sperm. After the fertilized egg(zygote) Had divided into eight cells, this is implanted in the mother’s uterus where it grows in a normal way

Used for : 1.) When couples has difficulty conceiving naturally
2.) issues like blocked fallopian tube, LOW SPERM COUNT
3.) To help SAME-SEX couples or singles individuals have a baby

Answer 44

In-vitro fertilization

Question 45

CHAPTER 2 DEVELOPMENT

___ The scientific study of the evolutionary relationship among species, (common to the race like SITTING and WALKING and development occurs through MATURATION

___ Traits specific to the individual like swimming and writing learned through TRAINING

Answer 45

Phylogenetic functions
Ontogenetic functions

Question 46

CHAPTER 1 (BRANCHES AND RELATED FIELD OF PSYCHOLOGY)
Study individual differences and thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make each person unique.
Ex: A child raised in a supportive and nurturing environment may develop traits like confidence and sociability, while one raised in a stressful environment may develop anxiety or shyness
Ex: A child who is consistently rewarded for being polite may develop a trait of politeness, while one who is punished for speaking out may become more reserved
Ex: Someone who experience a traumatic event might develop traits like resilience or conversely anxiety and distrust

Answer 46

Personality psychology

Question 47

CHAPTER 1 (BRANCHES AND RELATED FIELD OF PSYCHOLOGY)
Branch that Utilizes scientific method to research the brain and behavior. Observe the effect and establish cause and effect relationship.
EX: Studying how different types of music(stimuli) affect Concentra level (behavior)

Ex: Investigating how reward (reinforcement) or penalties (punishment) influence learning and behavior in a classroom setting

Answer 47

Experimental psychology

Question 48

CHAPTER 1 (BRANCHES AND RELATED FIELD)
Also known as behaviorism, focuses on how our behaviors are learned and influenced by our environment.
Ex: Classical conditioning, Operant conditioning, observational learning

Ex: A student studies hard because they receive praise and good grades from their teachers and parents.
Ex: A child learns to clean their room to avoid being scolded (negative reinforcement) or to earn playtime (positive reinforcement)
Ex: A teenager starts smoking because they see their friends doing it and want to fit in

Answer 48

Behavioral psychology

Question 49

CHAPTER 1
Focuses on the whole person and believes that people are inherently good and capable of self improvement (FOCUS ON STRENGTHS, PURSUE PERSONAL GROWTH AND LIVE FULFILLING LIVES)
—-EX: Accepting and valuing a person without a judgement, which helps them feel safe and understood, fostering personal growth.
—-EX: (MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS) This theory suggest that people are motivated by a hierarchy of needs
—-EX: (PERSON CENTERED THERAPY) Focuses on providing a supportive environment where clients can explore their feelings and achieve personal growth. Key elements include empathy, unconditional positive regard and congruence

Answer 49

Humanistic psychology

Question 50

CHAPTER 1
It suggest that life has no inherent meaning, and it’s up to each person to create their own purpose through their actions and decisions (BELIEVE THAT PEOPLE ARE FREE TO MAKE THEIR OWN CHOICES AND MUST TAKE RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR ACTIONS) –(BEING TRUE TO ONESELF, MAKE CHOICES BASED ON PERSONAL VALUES RATHER THAN SOCIETAL EXPECTATIONS)

EX: Choosing a career based on passion Rather than pressure from family or society

EMBRACE FREEDOM, MAKE MEANINGFUL CHOICES & LIVE AUTHENTICALLY DESPITE LIFE’S UNCERTAINTIES

Answer 50

Existentialist psychology

Question 51

CHAPTER 1
Looks at how our brain PROCESSES information, like a computer, to help us understand and interact with the world (UNDERSTAND THE MENTAL PROCESSES BEHIND OUR EVERYDAY ACTIONS)
— EX: When you’re focusing on a conversation in a noisy room, your brain filters out the background noise to help you Concentrate
—EX: When you figure out how to fix a broken appliance, you’re using cognitive processes to understand the problem and find a solution
—EX: learning a new language involves processes like understanding grammar rules and vocabulary
—EX: when you try to remember a phone number, your brain processes and stores this information so you can recall it later.

Answer 51

Cognitive psychology

Question 52

CHAPTER 1
Looks at how unconscious thoughts and feelings influence our behavior and aims to make these hidden aspects conscious
— EX: A person with an irrational fear of mice might discover that this fear is linked to a repressed childhood memory. By bringing this memory to consciousness, they can work through the fear
— EX: DREAMS are a window to a the unconscious mind. By analyzing dreams, we can uncover hidden desires and conflicts
— EX: in a therapy a patient might be ask to SAY whatever comes to MIND without filtering their thoughts. This technique helps reveal unconscious thoughts and feelings.

Answer 52

Psychoanalysis

Question 53

CHAPTER 1
Studies how our minds naturally organize and interpret visual information as complete objects or patterns ( “The whole is Greater than the sum of its parts”)
Ex: when you look at a picture of a vase, you might also see two faces in profile. Your mind can switch between seeing the vase (figure) and the faces (ground) showing how we perceive objects in relation to their background.
–EX: If you see a circle with a small gap, your mind fills in the missing part to perceive it as a complete circle. This principles shows how we tend to see incomplete shapes as complete
—EX: Items that looks similar are often perceived as part of the same group. For instance in a pattern of different shapes, all the circles might be seen as one group and all the squared as another

IT HELP US UNDERSTAND THE WAY WE PERCEIVE AND MAKE SENSE OF THE WORLD AROUND US

Answer 53

Gestalt

Question 54

CHAPTER 1
Studies how our actions are shaped by interactions with our environment, often through rewards and punishment.
EX: Ivan pavlov experiment with dogs, he rang a bell everytime he fed the dogs. Eventually the dogs started to salivate just by hearing the bell, even when no food was present. They learned to associate the bell with food.

Ex: B.F skinner work with rats, he placed rats in a box with a lever. When the rats pressed the lever, they received food. Over time, the rats learned to press the level to get food. Showing that behavior can be shaped by rewards

Answer 54

Behaviorism

Question 55

CHAPTER 1
studies how mental processes and behaviors function to help us survive and thrive in our environment. (FOCUSES ON THE PRACTICAL ROLES OF MENTAL PROCESSES IN HELPING US NAVIGATE AND ADAPT TO OUR WORLD)
Ex: When you feel hungry, it’s your body’s way of telling you that you need food for energy. This feelings helps you take action to eat, which is essential for survival
EX: when you encounter danger, the feeling of fear triggers a “flight or fight” response. This helps you either confront the danger or escape from it, increasing your chance of survival

Ex: When faced with a challenge your brain work to find a SOLUTION . This ability to solve problems help you adapt to new situations and overcome obstacles

Answer 55

Functionalism

Question 56

CHAPTER 1

Looks at the basic elements of thoughts and sensations to understand how they combine to form our experiences

Ex: Wundt asked people to describe their sensations when exposed to different stimuli, like lights or sounds. This helped identify the basic elements of their conscious experience. ( This aimed to BREAK DOWN MENTAL EXPERIENCES INTO SIMPLEST COMPONENTS TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE MIND)

Ex: Titchener, used a method called introspection. He trained people to observe and report their own mental processeses. For example, participants might describe the sensations they feel when tasting different types of chocolates

Answer 56

Structuralism

Question 57

CHAPTER 1
SLEEP DISORDERS

Investigating the effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive functions and behavior. This could involved using EEG to monitor brain activity during different sleep stages and examining how lack of sleep affects memory, attention and mood.

What field of psychology is related to this?

Answer 57

Physiological psychology

Question 58

CHAPTER 1
DOPAMINE AND REWARD

Research on the neurotransmitter dopamine has shown its crucial role in the brains reward system. For instance, dopamine release is associated with feelings of pleasure and reinforcement which can influence behavior such as addiction

What field of psychology is related to this?

Answer 58

Biopsychology

Question 59

CHAPTER 1

Is focused upon the study and investigation of certain behavior with the application of one or a combination of scientific methods. It can be categorically labeled as empirical and dependent upon measurement. Therefore gathering of factual information is considered important to prove certain phenomena

Answer 59

Science

Question 60

CHAPTER 1

In order to study the mind, one has to associate the way of thinking of an individual to his behavior. This would actually link the behavior of man and what runs in his mind.

Answer 60

Study of behavior

Question 61

CHAPTER 2 COMPONENTS OF LANGUGAGE

• ____ refers to the units or systems of sounds, used in a particular langugage and the rules for combining these sounds
  EX : Babbling (ba-ba, da-da)
• ____ refers to the study of word meanings and the word combinations, children therefore need only to have knowledge of words and their meanings. Children are required to enrich their vocabularies as they obtain new knowledge and as they mature intellectually
  EX : Children lears the word “dog” to refer to furry animal, “big” for large size
• ____ involves description of the structure of language
  1. ___ refer to the study of morphemes the smallest unit of meaning in a language
  EX : children learn to add “s” to a noun to make it plural (cat becomes “cats”)
  2. ___ part of grammar that specifies and prescribes on how words are combined into phrases, clauses and sentences
  EX : A child learn to form SENTENCES “ The cat is sleeping”
• ___ deals about the rules for the use of a langugage in a particular context
  EX : A child learn to take turns conversation knowing when to speak and when to listen. They also learn to use polite words like “please” and “thank you”

Answer 61

Phonology
Semantics
Grammar
Morphology
Syntax
Pragmatics

Question 62

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Involve in the development of female sexual features

Answer 62

Estrogen

Question 63

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

SMALL TRIANGULAR SHAPED GLANDS located on top of each kidney
Secretes the hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine when we are EXCITED, THREATENED OR STRESSED . Furthermore hormone cortisol regulates METABOLISM by controlling how the body uses fats, proteins and carbohydrates

Answer 63

Adrenal glands

Question 64

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

The BUTTERFLY SHAPE gland located at the base and anterior part of the throat. It secretes thyroxine and idothyroxine, which affect GROWTH AND METABOLISM

OVERACTIVITY: Increased body heat production
UNDER ACTIVITY: (Cretinism) characterized to be RETARDED PHYSICAL and MENTAL development during CHILDHOOD.
(Myxedema) characterized by GAIN in weigh, thickening of the lips, slowing motor movements and yellowing of the skin during adulthood

Answer 64

Thyroid glands

Question 65

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR
“GLAND OF CHILDHOOD”
Located in the middle of the brain which secrets MELATONIN, a hormone that helps regulate the wake-sleep cycle.
UNDER ACTIVITY: Leads to premature appearance of secondary sexual characteristics

Answer 65

Pineal gland

Question 66

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Secretes hormones designed to keep the body supplied with fuel to produce and maintain stores of energy

Answer 66

Pancreas

Question 67

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR
“THE MASTER GLAND”
A small pea-sized gland located near the center of the brain, is responsible for controlling the body’s growth, but it also has many other influences that make it of primary importance to regulating behavior.
— UNDER ACTIVITY OF ANTERIOR LOBE ( Dwarfish)
— OVERACTIVITY OF ANTERIOR LOBE
(Giantism , Acromegaly- overgrowth of certain parts of the bone (kuba) )

Answer 67

Pituitary gland

Question 68

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

A chemical that moves throughout the body to regulate emotions and behaviors

Answer 68

Hormone

Question 69

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

A ___ in the endocrine system is made up of group of cells that function to secretes hormones

Answer 69

Gland

Question 70

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

The CHEMICAL REGULATOR of the body that consists of glands that secretes hormones which influence behavior

Answer 70

Endocrine system

Question 71

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Tends to calm the body by slowing the heart and breathing and by allowing the body to recover from the activities that the sympathetic system causes. The two systems work together to maintain vital bodily functions. ( SLOW DOWN the life activities. This system stores the body stored energy, thus calming down the body after Resolving STRESSFUL and EMERGENCY SITUATION)

Answer 71

Parasympathetic division of the ANS

Question 72

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Involve in preparing the body for behavior particularly in response to stress by activating the organs and the glands in the endocrine system

Answer 72

Sympathetic division of the ANS

Question 73

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

The division of the PNS that governs the internal activities of the human body, including heart rate, breathing, digestion, salivation, perspiration, urination and sexual arousal (Responsible for all INVOLUNTARY MOVEMENTS, within the body that keep us alive)

Answer 73

Autonomic nervous system

Question 74

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

The division of the PNS that controls the external aspects of the body, including the skeletal muscle, skin, and sense organs. Consist primarily of motor nerves responsible for sending brain signals for muscle contraction (Responsible for the VOLUNTARY Skeletal movements like sensing and movements of the arm and legs and the whole body.)

Answer 74

Somatic nervous system

Question 75

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Consist of all the nerves branching out the brain and the spinal cord, built almost entirely from nerves

Answer 75

Peripheral nervous system

Question 76

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

“Little brain”
Coordination of voluntary motor activities maintains body balance and posture, people who have damage to the cerebellum have difficulty walking, keeping their balance, and holding their hands steady. Contributes to emotional responses, helps us discriminate between different sounds and textures and is important in learning

Answer 76

Cerebellum

Question 77

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

A structure in the brain stem that is important to sleep and arousal (BRIDGE connecting different parts of the brain) Made up mostly of nerve fibers running from one part of the brain to the others

Answer 77

Pons

Question 78

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

____ Regulates the involuntary muscles responsible for our heartbeat, rate of breathing or respiration, swallowing and movements of the stomach and intestine

____ the area of the brain stem that controls heart rate and breathing

Answer 78

Medulla oblongata
Medulla

Question 79

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

The oldest and innermost region of the brain and is weird for survial. It is designed to CONTROL the most basic functions of life, including BREATHING, ATTENTION and MOTOR RESPONSES

Answer 79

Brain stem

Question 80

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

CONTROLS OUR SLEEP AND AROUSAL. It plays an important role in regulating the state of arousal or consciousness. It screens out all background informations to enable us to sleep and it also enables us to wake from sleep.

Answer 80

Reticular activating system

Question 81

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Relay center (Found right top of the midbrain)

Answer 81

Thalamus

Question 82

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

” SEAT OF EMOTION” , maintains homeostasis by regulating some involuntary activities links the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland and thus regulates body temperature, hunger, thirst and sex. It also responds to the satisfaction of these needs by creating feelings of pleasure. ( Located underneath the thalamus)

Answer 82

Hypothalamus

Question 83

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

(Almond) Cause aggressive behavior primarily responsible for regulating our perception of and reactions to, aggression and fear… Brain largely responsible for memory and emotions, including our responses to reward and punishment (BELIEVED TO CAUSE AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR AMONG ANIMALS)

Answer 83

Amygdala

Question 84

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

(Sea horse) Responsible in changing SHORT TERM MEMORY INTO LONG TERM MEMORY

Answer 84

Hippocampus

Question 85

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Group of structure in the brain that governs EMOTIONS, MOTIVATION, SENSE OF SMELL AND BEHAVIOR. Involve in long-term memory

Answer 85

Lymbic system

Question 86

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Located at the side of the brain,
Hearing
Organization
Comprehension of language
Information retrieval (memory and memory formation)

Answer 86

Temporal lobe

Question 87

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Its primary function is the processing, integration, interpretation, etc. of Vision and visual stimuli

Answer 87

Occipital lobe

Question 88

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Senses and integrates sensation
Spatial awareness and perception
Awareness of the body parts in space and in relation to each other

Answer 88

Parietal lobe

Question 89

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Memory formation
Emotions
Decision making
Personality

Answer 89

Frontal lobe

Question 90

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Located from the middle to the back of the skull, and responsible primary for processing information about touch and taste. These lobe result input from vision, which helps us indentify objects by touch, and locate objects in space

Answer 90

Parietal lobe

Question 91

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Located deep to the frontal bone of the skull. It plays an integral role in the following functions, located behind the forehead and responsible primary for ( THINKING, PLANNING, MEMORY, AND JUDGEMENT)

Answer 91

Frontal lobe

Question 92

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Lobes of the brain (4)

Answer 92

Frontal lobe
Pariental Lobe
Occipital lobe
Temporal lobe

Question 93

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

“Seat of consciousness”
The largest division of the brain. It is divided into two hemispheres, each of which is divided into four lobes (Frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital ) Responsible for higher mental activities like endless thinkin, reasoning, memory and understanding

THE HIGHEST DEVELOPED PART OF THE HUMAN BRAIN AND AT THE SAME TIME MULTI FUNCTIONAL

Answer 93

Cerebrum

Question 94

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Composed of the pons, medulla oblongata and the cerebellum. It is connected to the spinal cord

Answer 94

Hindbrain

Question 95

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Serves as the bridge between the hindbrain and the forebrain. Responsible in linking the sensory and motor pathways between the upper and the lower parts of the nervous system (RELATIVELY SMALL) it serve us intricate SWITCHBOARD of receiving nerve impulses all over the body, after sorting them out, it sends them to higher brain centers

Answer 95

Midbrain

Question 96

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Consist of cerebrum, thalamus and hypothalamus

Answer 96

Forebrain

Question 97

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Jelly like and extra soft weighing about 1400 grams

Answer 97

Brain

Question 98

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

The long thin, tubular bundle of nerves and supporting cells that extends down from the brain. It is the central throughway of information for the body. (CENTER OF REFLEX REACTIONS)

Answer 98

Spinal cord

Question 99

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

States that nerve impulses travel only in one direction from neuron to neuron

Answer 99

Law of dynamic polarity

Question 100

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

States that it is either that neurons reacts or not at all, but if it does react, it reacts with fullest strength

Answer 100

All or nothing law

Question 101

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

___ Spaces between the axon of a neuron .

• once the nerve impulse or action potential reaches the tip of the axon, it causes the release of a chemical known as ___

Answer 101

Synapses
Transmitter

Question 102

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Sending of a nerve impulses or “firing” of a neuron down the axon from the end of one neuron to the next neuron is called __

Answer 102

Action potential

Question 103

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

More negative than positive ions or charged particles inside the neuron, while it has more positive ions outside

Answer 103

Resting potential or polarization stage

Question 104

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Nerve impulses or messages

Answer 104

Electrical signal

Question 105

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Refers to anything that EXCITES AND INITIATE AN ACTIVITY

Answer 105

Stimulus

Question 106

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Ability of the neurons to transmit nerve impulses up to the END OF THE NERVE FIBER

Answer 106

Conductivity

Question 107

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

The ability of the neuron to REACT TO EXTERNAL STIMULATION

Answer 107

Irritability

Question 108

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Carry messages or nerve impulses WITHIN THE BRAIN

Answer 108

Inter - neurons, connector neurons

Question 109

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Carry messages or nerve impulses away from the brain, like muscles and glands

Answer 109

Motor or efferent neurons

Question 110

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Carry messages or nerve impulses from the sense organ toward the brain

Answer 110

Sensory or afferent neurons

Question 111

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Electrical signal TRAVELLING DOWN the axon

Answer 111

Action potential

Question 112

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Cells that sorround and link to the neurons, protecting them, providing them with NUTRIENTS and absorbing UNSUSED NEUROTRANSMITTERS

Answer 112

Glial cells

Question 113

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Tip of each branch. Forms junctions with other neurons

Answer 113

Terminal button

Question 114

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

A layer of fatty tissue surrounding the axon of a neuron that both acts as an insulator and allows faster transmission of the electrical signal.

Answer 114

Myelin sheath

Question 115

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

An elongated strand with one several formations at the far end called END BRUSH. They carry messages AWAY from the CELL BODY. Covered in myelin sheath which serves as insulators to the neuron

Answer 115

Axon

Question 116

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Receive nerve impulses and carry then toward the cell body

Answer 116

Dendrites

Question 117

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Central portion contains the nucleus of the cell and keeps the cell alive

Answer 117

Cell body/ cyton

Question 118

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

The basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system. It is a cell in the nervous system whose function it is to receive and transmit information

Answer 118

Neuron or nerve cell

Question 119

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

A collection of hundreds of billions of specialized and interconnected cells through see which messages are sent between the brain and the rest of the body

Answer 119

Nervous system

Question 120

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Compose all the nerve fibers that connect the receptors to the central nervous system and which further connects the central nervous system to the effectors. Neurons that link the CNS to our skin, muscles and glands

Answer 120

The peripheral nervous system

Question 121

CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Consist of the brain and the spinal cord

Answer 121

The central nervous system

Question 122

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT

_____ psychosocial development
_____Six stages of moral maturity or development
_____Cognitive development

Answer 122

Erik Erikson
Lawrence Kohlberg’s
Jean Piaget’s

Question 123

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT

A conflict between personal impulses and the social world. Resolving each dilemma creates a balance between a person and society. Success produces healthy development and a satisfying life.

Answer 123

Psychosocial dilemma

Question 124

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT

A personal change that must take place for optimal development. Learning to read in childhood, adjusting to sexual maturity in adolescence, establishing a vocation in adulthood

Answer 124

Developmental task

Question 125

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT

Widely recognize periods of life corresponding to broad phases of development… Infancy to senescence

Answer 125

Life stages

Question 126

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT

A significant turning point or marker in personal development. Graduating from school, voting for the first time, getting married, death of parents, becoming a grandparent, retirement.

Answer 126

Developmental milestones

Question 127

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT (JEAN PIAGET)
(___-___)

Systematic search for truth, abstract thinking, “ Experience is the best teacher” separate real from the possible. Gathering information as possible solution. At this stage children can solve problems through logical reasoning. They consider all available data before they conclude

Answer 127

11-16
Formal operation stage

Question 128

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT

“The awareness that a quantity remains the same despite a change in its appearance”

Answer 128

Conservation

Question 129

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT (JEAN PIAGET)
(___-___)

Develops logical thinking, “to see is to believe”. The children now are able to conserve, they understand that although the appearance has change the thing it self does not. By this time they can understand reversibility, like converting clay from one object to another. Comparing the similarities and differences between objects like different in sizes

Answer 129

7-11
Concrete operational stage

Question 130

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT

____ child understand ‘bad table’ believes inanimate objects have feelings as they do
____ can only see the world from their own point of view

Answer 130

Animism
Egocentrism

Question 131

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT (JEAN PIAGET)
(__-__)

Increased in language structures, collective monologue, toddler can understand the use of symbols and language and example of symbolic thinking. Langugage is now understood. Children are still EGOCENTRIC at this stage, they don’t consider the point of view of others, they only believe in what they perceive and see around them.

Answer 131

2-7
Pre-operational stage

Question 132

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT (JEAN PIAGET)
(__-__years)
Sensory contact understanding
The child explores the world sorrounding them using it’s senses. The most significant achievement during this stage is OBJECT PERMANENCE ( Realization that an object or person continue to be present even if its already absent)

Answer 132

0-2
Sensory -motor stage

Question 133

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT

I will do (or wont do) what i am supposed to do because i think ( or don’t think) it is the right thing to do

EX: An activist protest against an unjust law because they believe in human rights.
EX : A person refuse to lie even it means facing negative consequences because honesty is a core value.
— POTENTIAL PROBLEM
1. Conflict with society
2. Isolation

Answer 133

Post-conventional morality

Question 134

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT

I will do what i supposed to do as things work out better when everyone follows the rules

EX : A teenager obeys traffic laws because it is the right thing to do and they want to be seen as good citizen
EX : a student helps a classmate with homework to be liked and accepted by peers.

DECISIONS ARE BASED ON SOCIETAL EXPECTATIONS RATHER THAN PERSONAL BELIEFS

Answer 134

Conventional morality

Question 135

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT

I will do what i am supposed to do in order to avoid punishment

EX : A child does not steal because they are feat of being punished
EX : A child cleans their room to receive praises or treat from parents

Answer 135

Pre-conventional morality

Question 136

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT

Individuals seeks to fulfill his or her desires through emotional attachment to members of the opposite sex

Answer 136

Genital stage

Question 137

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT

Children repress sexual thought and engage in nonsexual activities such as developing social and intellectual skills

Answer 137

Latency stage

Question 138

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT

Boys love their mothers and see their fathers as rivals

Answer 138

Oedipus complex

Question 139

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT

Satisfaction is gained through stimulation of the penis or clitoris

Answer 139

Phallic stage

Question 140

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT

Cuase a person to be anal expulsive: messy, disorganized, over sharing and having poor boundaries

Answer 140

Liberal training

Question 141

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT

____ is thought to cause adults to be anal retentive: perfectionist, obssessed with cleanliness and controlling

Answer 141

Harsh potty training

Question 142

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
Children who discover social control by means of direct opposition. They are expected to express anger by becoming wasteful, disorderly or messy. They are rebellious and destructive

Answer 142

Anal expulsive

Question 143

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
People delay satisfaction until the last possible moment, “saving” dessert. They are orderly, highly controlled, compulsively neat

Answer 143

Anal retentive

Question 144

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
Fixation results in retentive or expulsive personality

Answer 144

Anal stage

Question 145

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
Refers to providing too little of something. (Less in everything, not spoiled)
Oral aggressive trait, chewing, crunching , biting and use of teeth are dominant expressions of this trait. People of this type are expected to favor hard candy over soft candy. The orally aggressive character is sarcastic and argumentative.

OTHER PROBLEMS :
1. Insecurity and low self-esteem
2. Developmental delays
3. Difficulty forming relationships

Answer 145

Under indulgent

Question 146

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
Refers to giving someone too much of something (attention, toys,etc.)
Oral receptive trait, as adults they become dependent on others, overly gullible, swallowing anything they are told, entitlement, struggle with self control and discipline.

Answer 146

Overindulgent

Question 147

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
12-60
Sexual energies are invested in life
EX : Teenagers and adults form romantic relationship seeking emotional and physical intimacy.
EX : adults work towards CAREER goals and may start families balancing personal and professional life.

POTENTIAL PROBLEMS
1. Difficulties in forming relationship or sexual dysfunction
2. Strugles with identity or self-esteem impacting to form stable relationships

Answer 147

Genital stage

Question 148

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
6-12
A time of SOCIALIZATION
EX : A Child might become very involved in schoolwork, sports, or clubs, channeling their energy in productive activities.
EX : Forming strong relationship with peers , often same sex

POTENTIAL PROBLEM
1. Social withdrawal
2. Lack of confidence

Answer 148

Latency stage

Question 149

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
3-6
Related to later sexual attitudes
EX : A child might show curiosity about their own body and the bodies of others, asking questions about difference between boys and girls.
EX : a boy might start imitating his fathers behaviors wanting to be like him.

POTENTIAL PROBLEM
1. Fixation - a boy who doesn’t successfully navigate the Oedipus complex might struggle with authority figures or have issues in relationships later in life.
2. Guilt and anxiety

Oedipus complex (part of it)

Answer 149

Phallic stage

Question 150

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
1-3
Related to later personal power issues

Answer 150

Anal stage

Question 151

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
First year - related to later to mistrust and rejection issues

PROBLEMS THAT MAY OCCUR:
1. Smoking
2. Overeating
3. Nail biting

Answer 151

Oral stage

Question 152

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
When a person becomes regretful of previous life events. Feels failure and knows its too late to reverse what he has done, aging and the threat of death becomes sources of fear and depression

Answer 152

Despair

Question 153

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
___ is achieved when the person has lived richly and responsibly. Has accepted and satisfied with life when he looks back. Allows face aging and death with dignity. Success at this stage leads to feelings of wisdom. While failure in regret, bitterness and despair

Answer 153

Integrity

Question 154

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
Person has concerns with one’s own needs and comfort. Life loses meaning and the person feels bitter, dreary and trapped

Answer 154

Stagnant

Question 155

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
The interest in guiding the next generation which the main source of balance in mature adulthood. Expressed by caring about oneself, one’s children and future generations. Can be achieved by guiding one’s own children or by helping other children. Success leads to feeling of uselessness and accomplishment while failure results to shallow involvement in the world

Answer 155

Generativity

Question 156

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
Feeling alone and uncared for in life. Often sets the stage for later difficulties

Answer 156

Isolation

Question 157

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
After establishing a stable identity a person is prepared to share a meaningful love or deep friendship with others. An ability to care for others and to share experience with them

Answer 157

Intimacy

Question 158

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
Individuals suffer from ___( uncertainty about who they are and where they are going)

Answer 158

Role confusion

Question 159

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
Caught between childhood and adulthood and have unique problems . Need to answer the question who i am. Individuals develop new body, new feelings, and new attitudes. Success leads to an ability to stay true to yourself

Answer 159

Identity

Question 160

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
____ when a child’s effort are regarded as messy, childish or inadequate

Answer 160

Inferiority

Question 161

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
___ is learned if children win praises for productive work. Children need to cope with new social and academic demands, success leads to a sense of competence

Answer 161

Industry

Question 162

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
___ are formed if parents criticized severerly, prevent play or discouraged a child’s questions. Children who try to exert too much power experience disapproval,

Answer 162

Guilt

Question 163

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
____ is reinforced when parents give children freedom to play, ask questions, use imagination and choose activities. Children need to begin asserting control and power over the environment. Success in this stage leads to a sense of purpose

Answer 163

Initiative

Question 164

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
Being rediculed or overproduction may result to shame and doubt. Failure results in feelings of shame and doubt

Answer 164

Shame and doubt

Question 165

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
Children express their growing self-control by climbing, touching, exploring and trying to do things for themselves. Children need to develop a sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of independence. Succeed leads to a feeling of ____ . Failure results in feelings of shame and doubt. ( developed when children are encouraged to do try new skills)

Answer 165

Autonomy

Question 166

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
___ is caused by inadequate or unpredictable care and by parents who are cold, indifferent or rejecting. May later cause insecurity, suspiciousness or an inability to relate to others

Answer 166

Mistrust

Question 167

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
____ Is established when babies are given adequate warmth, touching, love and physical care. Children develop a sense of trust when caregivers provide reliability, care and affection

Answer 167

Trust

Question 168

CHAPTER 2 (Ten stages of humaan development)
Closing period in the lifespan, physical and mental activities of the individual declines
Senility takes place

POTENTIAL PROBLEM:
1. Heath decline
2. Isolation

Answer 168

Late adulthood stage

Question 169

CHAPTER 2 (Ten stages of humaan development)
A dreaded stage, time of “Empty nest” and “boredom” people began to realize that the first part adult life is over

Answer 169

Middle adulthood stage

Question 170

CHAPTER 2 (Ten stages of humaan development)
Settling down age: full of life of work, mutual intimacy and solidarity in love and work
- Marrying stage

POTENTIAL PROBLEM
1. Work-life balance
2. Relationship issues

Answer 170

Early adulthood stage

Question 171

CHAPTER 2 (Ten stages of humaan development)
Extends from time the individual become sexually mature until 18
The period of “ Storm and stress”
A turning point in teenagers life. There is increased peer group influence on the adolescent speech, attitude, interest and even their appearance and their behavior. They usually set NEW VALUES in the selection and acceptance of friends. PEER GROUPS begins to decline as they progress because their search for identity seems to be over.

POTENTIAL PROBLEM :
1. Risky behavior
2. Mental health issues

Answer 171

Adolescence

Question 172

CHAPTER 2 (Ten stages of humaan development)
Characterized by rapid changes in height and skeletal structures and also changes in weight and sexual maturation. The “Age of confusion” It is further characterized by awkwardness because pubescent boys and girls do not know wether to behave like a child or like a grown up.

Answer 172

Puberty stage

Question 173

CHAPTER 2 (Ten stages of humaan development)
Age of manhood
____ first menstruation
____ seminal flow “ wet dreams “

Answer 173

Puberty
Menarche
Nocturnal emission

Question 174

CHAPTER 2 (Ten stages of humaan development)
Elementary school age
“Smart stage “ because children think that they know just about everything when they talk. It is also the “gang stage” since the major concern of the children by this time is their gang mates and their desire for acceptance

POTENTIAL PROBLEM:
1. Academic challenges
2. Problems with peer relationship such as bullying

Answer 174

Late childhood

Question 175

CHAPTER 2 (Ten stages of humaan development)
Extends from two years to six years. It is called the “ Age of curiosity” that is why during the period children are fond of asking questions

POTENTIAL PROBLEMS :
1. Behavioral issues like aggression or difficulty following rules.
2. Learning disabilities

Answer 175

Early childhood stage

Question 176

CHAPTER 2 (Ten stages of humaan development)
Extends from the second week of infancy up to second year of life, this period is also known as “ Age of Helplessness”

POTENTIAL PROBLEM:
Lack of secure attachment can lead to emotional and social difficulties

Answer 176

Babyhood stage

Question 177

CHAPTER 2 (Ten stages of humaan development)
POST NATAL STAGE
This covers the rest of the infancy period, it usually ends with the falling of the umbilical cord almost two weeks after birth

Answer 177

Period of Neonate

Question 178

CHAPTER 2 (Ten stages of humaan development)
POST NATAL
This covers the first 15 to 20 minutes after birth, once umbilical cord has been cut; the infant at this point becomes a separate and independent being

Answer 178

Period of the partunate

Question 179

CHAPTER 2 (Ten stages of humaan development)

Results when fetus HEAD emerges first through the birth canal followed by one shoulder then the other, next by the arms

Answer 179

Natural or spontaneous birth

Question 180

CHAPTER 2 (Ten stages of humaan development)
____ when one egg further divides into two after being fertilized by one sperm, exactly the same genetic constitution
____ arise from two eggs fertilized by two different sperm cells

Answer 180

Identical/ monozygotic twins
Non-identical/ fraternal/ dizygotic twins

Question 181

CHAPTER 2 (Ten stages of Human development)

The period of gestation
Divided into 3 periods;
1. Starts from fertilization to two weeks
2. All the important structures and features start to develop and to function (2 weeks- 2 months) Protective and nurturing organs like the umbilical cord connect the embryo to the PLACENTA. Most VULNERABLE PERIOD
____ is a thin membrane that protects and encases the embryo (like plastic balloon)
3. Covers the eight weeks to birth. Increased fetal activity like kicking and squirming

Answer 181

Prenatal
Period of Ovum
Period of Embryo
Amniotic sac
Period of Fetus

Question 182

CHAPTER 2 (Principles of Heredity)
____ sex linked traits are carried by the same genes that determine sex , furthermore these sex linked traits are carried by women, but usually suffered by men (Baldness, color blindness, hemophilia)

Answer 182

Principles of sex linked characteristics

Question 183

CHAPTER 2 (Principles of Heredity)
____ within the limits of potential traits transmissible by heredity, chances plays a significant role in making absolute prediction almost possible

Answer 183

Principle of chance

Question 184

CHAPTER 2 (Principles of Heredity)
____ determines the presence of similarities and difference among family members

Answer 184

Principles of dominance and recessiveness

Question 185

CHAPTER 2 (Principles of Heredity)
____ states the “NO” two individuals of any kind are exactly “alike” even identical twins have mild differences like one could be slightly taller than the other

Answer 185

Principles of variation

Question 186

CHAPTER 2 (Principles of Heredity)
_____ states that “like begets like” where human individuals will reproduce their own kind

Answer 186

Principles of reproduction

Question 187

CHAPTER 2
• if the zygote or fertilized egg receive an X from its mother and another X from its father, the offspring will be a ___
• If the zygote receives an X from the mother and Y from the father, the offspring will be a ___

Answer 187

Girl
Boy

Question 188

CHAPTER 2
Classified as ;
____ or trait chromosomes
____ or sex chromosomes

Answer 188

Autosomes
Genosomes

Question 189

CHAPTER 2
___ chromosomes contains human
___ pairs each from parent

Answer 189

46
23

Question 190

CHAPTER 2 (Mechanics of heredity)
Three factors which are indispensable namely; ___, ____, ____

Answer 190

Time
Heredity
Environment

Question 191

CHAPTER 2

___ a process whereby traits of parents are handed down to their offspring via the genes
___ refers to all forces that affect man

Answer 191

Heredity
Environment

Question 192

CHAPTER 2 (Change in Development)

____ Refers to a PROGRESSIVE SERIES OF CHANGE leading to improvement (Motor skills)
___ MEASURABLE CHANGES in an individual like changes in height, body proportion (Growth)

Answer 192

Qualitative changes
Quantitative changes

Question 193

CHAPTER 2

____ Changes in bodily appearance and structure
____ Changes in social and emotional aspects of personality
____ changes in thought processes that could affect language, learning abilities and memory

Answer 193

Physical development
Psychosocial development
Cognitive development

Question 194

CHAPTER 1 (Methods Used by psychologist)

A tool often used in mathematical psychology and cognitive psychology to stimulate a particular behavior using a computer

Answer 194

Computational modelling

Question 195

CHAPTER 1 (Methods Used by psychologist)

Involves the study of both health individuals and patients, typically who have suffered either brain injury or mental illnesses

Answer 195

Neuropsychological methods

Question 196

CHAPTER 1 (Methods Used by psychologist)

A research method which observes a particular population over a certain period of time

Answer 196

Longitudinal studies

Question 197

CHAPTER 1 (Methods Used by psychologist)

Useful in investigating and accumulating proofs in the biological basis of learning, memory and behavior

Answer 197

Animal studies

Question 198

CHAPTER 1 (Methods Used by psychologist)

Search for materials in libraries or other recorded sources

Answer 198

Historical method

Question 199

CHAPTER 1 (Methods Used by psychologist)

A complete detailed account of phenomenon or any social event which may have scientific value or which may provide insight into group behavior

Answer 199

Case history method

Question 200

CHAPTER 1 (Methods Used by psychologist)

Search for relationship

Answer 200

Correlational studies

Question 201

CHAPTER 1 (Methods Used by psychologist)

Used to study behavior which can be brought into the laboratory and studied under controlled behavior

Answer 201

Experimental

Question 202

CHAPTER 1 (Methods Used by psychologist)

Used when the investigator wants to investigate a larger group within a shorter time

Answer 202

Survey

Question 203

CHAPTER 1 (Methods Used by psychologist)

Direct observation; participate with the subject

Answer 203

Participant observation

Question 204

CHAPTER 1 (Methods Used by psychologist)

Method of examining and interpreting but never interfering with the behavior being studied

Answer 204

Naturalistic observation

Question 205

CHAPTER 1 (Branches and related field of psychology)

Pertains to the application of specialized psychological methods to the treatment of diagnosed mental disorders or to the problems of a person’s daily adjustment

Answer 205

Psychotherapy

Question 206

CHAPTER 1 (Branches and related field of psychology)

A branch of medicine which exists to study, prevent and treat mental disorders in human

Answer 206

Psychiatry

Question 207

CHAPTER 1 (Branches and related field of psychology)

The study of neural mechanisms of perception and behavior through direct manipulation of the brains of nonhuman animal subjects in controlled experiments

Answer 207

Physiological psychology

Question 208

CHAPTER 1 (Branches and related field of psychology)

The application of the Principle of biology to the study of mental processes and behavior

Answer 208

Biopsychology

Question 209

CHAPTER 1 (Branches and related field of psychology)

Measurement of behavior and capacities through the psychological tests

Answer 209

Psychometric

Question 210

CHAPTER 1 (Applied field in psychology)

Specialized in Treating mental, emotional and behavioral disorders.
Ex: They may use interviews, questionnaires and psychological test to diagnose conditions like depress, anxiety or ADHD
Ex: They provide therapy to help individuals manage and overcome their psychological challenges
Ex: They help individuals in crisis situations (providing immediate support and coping strategies to Someone experiencing a panic attack or suicidal thoughts)

Answer 210

Clinical psychologist

Question 211

CHAPTER 1 (Applied field in psychology)

Alleviating and preventing mental illness ( Help individuals manage and overcome personal and interpersonal challenges to improve their overall well being)
Ex: They evaluate clients mental health and emotional well being
Ex: They provide therapy to help clients cope with various issues
Ex: They assist clients with career and educational decisions

Answer 211

Counseling

Question 212

CHAPTER 1 (Branches and related field of psychology)

Application of concepts, theories and principles

Answer 212

Applied

Question 213

CHAPTER 1 (Branches and related field of psychology)

Behavior and mental processes of different species to understand similarities and difference, often to gain insights into human behavior
Ex: Rats learning to navigate a maze to find food. This shows how they adapt and learn from their environment to survive.

Ex: Mother elephants staying close to their calves to protect them from predators and teach them survival skills
Ex: young chimpanzees learning to use tools by observing older members of their group

Answer 213

Comparative psychology

Question 214

CHAPTER 1 (Branches and related field of psychology)
Growth and development, how people grow and change throughout their lives, from infancy to old age.
Ex: A child’s height and physical abilities are influenced by their genetic make-up and nutrition

Ex: Cultural practices can influence behavior such as the way children are taught to show respect to elders in different societies
Ex: Traumatic experiences in childhood such as abuse or loss, can significantly impact emotional and psychological development

Answer 214

Developmental psychology

Question 215

CHAPTER 1 (Branches and related field of psychology)
Interpretation of internal drives and motives. Focuses on the interplay of unconscious processes, past experiences and internal conflicts in shaping personality and behavior.

Answer 215

Dynamic

Question 216

CHAPTER 1 (Branches and related field of psychology)
Study the functions of the different organs and systems of the body relating to behavior

Answer 216

Physiological

Question 217

CHAPTER 1 (Branches & other related field)
_____ study the cause of behavioral disorders/ the study of unusual patterns of behavior, thoughts and emotions that may not confirm to societal norms
Ex: Anxiety disorders, Mood disorders, Obsessives compulsive disorder, Schizophrenia, personality disorders, eating disorders, post traumatic stress disorder

Answer 217

Abnormal psychology

Question 218

CHAPTER 1 (Branches & other related field)
Based from proposed explanation or conclusion involves THEORIES, concepts and BASIC PRINCIPLES

Answer 218

Theoretical

Question 219

CHAPTER 1 (Schools)
Believed that an individual behavior is primarily determined by his perception of the world around him; individuals are not solely the product of their environment l; and individuals are internally directed and motivated to fulfill their human potential

Answer 219

Humanistic

Question 220

CHAPTER 1 (Schools)
Believe in both free will and the uniqueness of the individual. Individual behaviors are not seen as evil or good, but neutral, interpreted only by the individual

Answer 220

Existentialist psychology

Question 221

CHAPTER 1 (Schools)
A theoretical perspective that focuses on the realms of human perception, thought and memory

Answer 221

Cognitive psychology

Question 222

CHAPTER 1 (Schools)
Behavior is determined by powerful inner forces, most of which are buried in the unconscious mind

Answer 222

Psychoanalysis

Question 223

CHAPTER 1 (Schools)
To “ Configure” or to form or pattern
Believed that human beings and other animals perceive the external world as an organized pattern

Answer 223

Gestalt

Question 224

CHAPTER 1 (Schools)
Believed that observable behavior, not inner experience, was the only reliable source of information
• stressed the importance of the environment in shaping an individual’s behavior

Answer 224

Behaviorism

Question 225

CHAPTER 1 (schools)
Importance of “function of the mind”
Importance of functional adjustment of an organism to his environment. Explore HOW and WHY the mind works as it does.

Answer 225

Functionalism

Question 226

CHAPTER 1 (Schools )
Believed that the chief purpose of psychology was to describe, analyze and explain conscious experience, particularly feelings and sensations

• They identified the 4 basic skin sensations?

Answer 226

Structuralism
Warmth
Cold
Pain
Pressure

Question 227

CHAPTER 1 ( Contemporary)
Operant conditioning, contributed the system of operant conditioning of which in the idea the organism is in the process of operating on the environment, which in ordinary terms means it is bouncing around its world

Answer 227

BF skinner

Question 228

CHAPTER 1 (Contemporary)
First experimental model of learning, CLASSICAL CONDITIONING

Ex: A child learns to feel happy when they hear the sound of an ice cream truck because they associate the sound with getting ice cream
EX: A person might develop a fear of dogs after being bitten by one. The sight of dog now triggers fear because it was associated with the pain of bite

Answer 228

Ivan pavlov

Question 229

CHAPTER 1 ( Contemporary)
Developed the first intelligence quotient (IQ) test

Answer 229

Alfred binet and Theodore simon

Question 230

CHAPTER 1 (Contemporary)
“First systematic psychometrician” and father of classical test theory

Answer 230

Charles spearman

Question 231

CHAPTER 1 ( Contemporary)
Major contribution to psychology through the statistical evaluation of human behavior, developed the chi-squared statistics

Answer 231

Karl Pearson

Question 232

CHAPTER 1 (Contemporary)
Made a theory that human beings have the basic need for love and security

Answer 232

Karen horney

Question 233

CHAPTER 1 (Contemporary)
Conceptualize the importance of superiority and inferiority as a factor that affects man’s existence

Answer 233

Alfred Adler

Question 234

CHAPTER 1 (Contemporary)
Developed his theory of the origin of neurosis, a neo Freudian and established analytic psychology

Answer 234

Carl jung

Question 235

CHAPTER 1 (Contemporary)
Father of psychoanalysis, underwent a thorough study of the unconscious mind and developed the psychoanalytic process of free association

Answer 235

Sigmund Freud

Question 236

CHAPTER 1 (Modern)
Founder of american psychology, met with Wilhelm Wundt and went to publish a two volume book entitled,
“Principle of psychology”

Answer 236

William James

Question 237

CHAPTER 1 (Modern)
Established the first psychological laboratory in Leipzig Germany
• Father of modern psychology

Answer 237

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 238

CHAPTER 1
____ mind blank state that gathers its content through experience that an individual will have in his entire life

Answer 238

John locke
Tabula rasa

Question 239

CHAPTER 1
Introduced the idea of dualism and the concept of reflex action which indicates that the mind and body interact
____ spiritual entity
____ physical or material entity

Answer 239

Rene Descartes
Mind
Body

Question 240

CHAPTER 1
Belief that when body dies, the soul separates and becomes a spirit

Answer 240

St. Thomas Aquinas

Question 241

CHAPTER 1
Introduced the method of introspection (individual tries to describe his own conscious processes)

Answer 241

St. Augustine of Hippo

Question 242

CHAPTER 1
Theorized the relation of temperament to physiological factors . Behavior maybe attributed to “HUMORS”

• yellow (Cheerfulness)
• Green ( Sluggishness -slow)
• black (sadness)
• red (quick tempered, irritable)

Answer 242

Galen
Sanguine
Phlegmatic
Melancholic
Choleric

Question 243

CHAPTER 1
Father of the medicine,
First to classify mental disorders during classical period

Answer 243

Hippocrates

Question 244

CHAPTER 1
Father of psychology because he is the first person to put into writing his explanation pertaining the behavior of man
• Functions of the soul
1. Basic maintenance of life
2. Desires and motives
3. Governs reasons that is located in the heart of the brain is merely a gland and would perform minor functions

Answer 244

Aristotle
Vegetative
Appetitive
Rational

Question 245

CHAPTER 1
Believe that the soul is distinct to man and is god given (Knower, thinker, determiner)
• Three distinct element
1. Element of reason
2. Spirited element
3. Element of bodily appetite and desire

Answer 245

Plato
Head
Heart
Diaphragm

Question 246

CHAPTER 1
Theorized that the human mind is composed of atoms, which penetrate in and out of our system

Answer 246

Democritus

Question 247

CHAPTER 1
Belief of gods and spirits who were attributed to be direct cause of events and activities of a man

Answer 247

Animism

Question 248

CHAPTER 1
Involves the alterations of behavior of the individuals. Further tend to change a certain trait, idea and beliefs of an individual

Answer 248

Control

Question 249

CHAPTER 1
Enable psychologist to anticipate any future actions of an individual, based on past performances of the individual

Answer 249

Predict

Question 250

CHAPTER 1
Involves the organization of facts about behavior, development of reasons pertaining with the different relationship among observed behavior, arriving to a reasonable principle in explaining behavior

Answer 250

Understanding

Question 251

CHAPTER 1
A detailed characterization of a certain phenomenon can be presented and be a means of further utilization of the study

Answer 251

Describe

Question 252

CHAPTER 1
The study of psychological and neurobiological factors that enable humans to acquire, use and understand language

Answer 252

Psycholinguistics

Question 253

CHAPTER 1 (BRANCHES AND RELATED FIELD OF PSYCHOLOGY)
Merged the discipline of sociology and anthropology together with the basic premise about the common concern of psychology (thoughts, feelings, and behavior are INFLUENCED BY OTHERS)
Ex: A person might dressing in a certain way because their friends do, even if they initially didn’t like the style
Ex: Meeting someone for the first time, you might quickly judge them as friendly or unfriendly based on their body language and facial expressions.
Ex: assuming someone is good at math because they belong to a particular ethnic group which can lead to unfair treatment

Answer 253

Social psychology

Question 254

CHAPTER 1
Branch of medicine which involves the surgical severing and chemical alterations of brain fibers with the purpose of modifying psychological disturbances and other behavior aberrations

Answer 254

Psychosurgery

Question 255

CHAPTER 1
A sub-field of medicine that deals with the various pharmacological agents such as anti-depressants, anti-anxiety, anti-manic

Answer 255

Psychotropic

Question 256

CHAPTER 1
Pertains to the application specialized psychological methods, to the treatment of diagnosed mental disorders or to the problems of a person’s daily adjustment

Answer 256

Psychotherapy

Question 257

CHAPTER 1
A branch of medicine which exists to study, prevent and treat mental disorders in humans .

Answer 257

Psychiatry

Question 258

CHAPTER 1
The study of neural mechanisms of perception and behavior through direct manipulation of the brains are of nonhuman animal subjects and controlled experiments.

Answer 258

Physiological psychology

Question 259

CHAPTER 1
the application of principles of biology to the study of mental processes and behavior

Answer 259

Biopsychology

Question 260

CHAPTER 1
____ utilizes fewer neurons
____ more neurons

Answer 260

Simple
Complex

Question 261

CHAPTER 1
_____ done with the man’s full will and discretion
_____ actions done automatically (breathing, digestion and circulation of blood)

Answer 261

Voluntary
Involuntary

Question 262

CHAPTER 1
____ manifested through an action which is in the realm of sanity and adequate reason (admiring an athlete because of his physique)
___ pertains to actions which are done without any apparent reason and explanation

Answer 262

Rational
Irrational

Question 263

CHAPTER 1
____ action that is within one’s awareness
____ actions not aware of doing so
____ bodily activities which may be detected by instrument or apparatus (blood pressure, pulse rate, digestion of food)

Answer 263

Conscious
Unconscious
Non-conscious

Question 264

CHAPTER 1
____ is a behavior that can be manifested outwardly (walking, playing, writing)
____ actions that is not directly visible (lying, thinking, learning)

Answer 264

Overt
Covert

Question 265

CHAPTER 1
This includes forms of cognition or the ways of knowing which includes a man’s perception, attention, and capability to remember, to reason and to solve problems

Answer 265

Mental processes

Question 266

“psyche “ means-
“Logos” means -

Answer 266

Mind/soul
Study of