Waste Disposal, Sewage, Landfill Flashcards
Chain effects of clean water
Mills-Reenke Phenomena
Provision of sanitary facilities for human waste can reduce the incidence of cholera by as much as
68%
The provision of safe water supply can decrease it by
73%
Where both toilets and watee supply provided, the incidence can be reduced as much as
76%
Nonspecific diarrhea
Viral or Bacterial
Ameobic dysentery
Protozoan
What are the major aspects of excreta disposal?
Proper construction
Satisfactory disposal
Continued proper utilization and maintenance
What are the level 1 pit latrines?
Sanitary pit privy
Antipolo type
Ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrine
What is made up of a pit, squatting plate, superstructure and exhaust pipe?
Sanitary pit privy
What is built on the same principle as sanitary toilet, except its location?
Antipolo type
What is situated in an elevated area?
Antipolo type
What has superstructure that is slightly away from the pit and a tall, vertical vent pipe with a fly screen that is fitted outside of the latrine superstructure?
VIP latrine
What is much cheaper sanitation technology that needs only a fraction of the volume of water which is conventional flush toilet requires?
Level 2 - pour flush toilet
What is water sealed and hygienic?
Level 2 - pour flush toilet
What are examples of level 2 - pour flush toilet?
A. Pour flush with pit
B. Pour flush with septic tank
What are usually found in urban areas?
Level 3 flush toilet
What are 2 major components of level 3 - flush toilet?
1) Latrine
2) Septic tank
Soluble solids settles to the tank bottom, accumulate and are anaerobically digested.
A scum of lightweight rises to the top.
The clarified liquid flows through a subsurface soil absorption sys.
Level 3 - flush toilet
It has 2 variations
1) the flush toilet w septic tank
2) the flush toilet w septic tank connected to a sewer
Level 3 or flush toilet
What is flexible and adaptable to a wide variety of individual household disposal requirements?
Level 3 - flush toilet
The septic tanks needs a little mechanical maintenance bcs it has no moving parts
Level 3 or flush toilet
- liquid travel faster than solid
- large vol contaminates wide areas
- detergents in waste cause waste to travel long distance
Quality and quantity of waste materials
Uphill will contaminate downhill and underground water, it follows the topography
Location of excreta disposal facility in relation to underground water supply source
Sand and clay soils can filter organisms and pathogens w more efficiency than gravel and other materials
Soil conditions extending to the water bearing strata
The higher the rate of pumping, the wider the arra where contaminats may be sucked. Keep it as far qs possible from underground water source.
Rate of pumping in underground water source
Safe distance between underground water supplies and excreta and sewage disposal
- Quality and quantity of waste materials
- Location of excreta disposal facility in relation to underground water supply source
- Soil conditions extending to the water bearing strata
- Rate of pumping in underground water source
1 m2 per person
Max depth is 1m
Interior floor slope of 1-2%
Configuration is ideally rectangular w an aspect ratio of 4:5 width:length
Inlet and outlet structure are made of rocks
Design parameters
Water loving plants which thrive in waterlogged conditions
Haliconia
Birds of Paradise
Bandera Espanola
Horsetail
Water loving plants which thrive in waterlogged conditions
Haliconia
Birds of Paradise
Bandera Espanola
Horsetail
RA 9003 January 26, 2001
An act providing for an ecological solid waste mngmt prog, cresting the necessary institutional mechanisms and incentives, declaring certain acts prohibited and providing penalties, appropriate funds therefore, and other purposes
