Wars of the Roses Figures

Question 1

Edward Prince of Wales

Answer 1

Born October 1453, son of Henry VI
Disinherited by Act of Accord, 1460
Flees to Scotland after Towton

Question 2

Thomas Clifford

Answer 2

Lancastrian
Killed at First Battle of St Albans, 1455

Question 3

Northumberland

Answer 3

Henry Percy- Lancastrian
Killed at First Battle of St Albans, 1455

Question 4

Buckingham

Answer 4

Humphrey Stafford, 1450s- Primarily Lancastrian
Joined York in Dartford Coup
Victorious at Ludford, 1459
Defeated and killed by Warwick at Northampton, 1460

Question 5

John Clifford

Answer 5

Lancastrian
Killed at Ferrybridge

Question 6

March

Answer 6

Edward Plantagenet- later Edward IV
Son of York, brother of R3, Clarence, Rutland
Victorious at Mortimer’s Cross
Victorious at Ferrybridge
Victorious at Towton
Crowned June 1461

Question 7

Henry V

Answer 7

Father of Henry VI, dies 1422

Question 8

Percys

Answer 8

Lancastrian noble dynasty
Members include- Northumberland (killed at St Albans 1), Northumberland (killed at Towton), Egremont (killed at Northampton), Ralph Percy (killed at Hedgeley Moor), Richard Percy (killed at Towton), Henry Percy (made Northumberland by E4)

Question 9

Jack Cade

Answer 9

Leader of Cade’s Rebellion in 1450, went by John Mortimer and Amend-All

Question 10

Bonvilles and Courtenays

Answer 10

Warring dynasties in Devon- York eases tensions in his second protectorate

Question 11

Margaret of Anjou

Answer 11

Queen- Lancastrian
Married H6 1445
Tried to quell actions of RDoY in early 1450s
Excluded Yorkists from Great Council after H6’s recovery
Lost King to Yorkists at St Albans 1
Participated in Loveday
Attainted Yorkists at Parliament of Devils
Won at St Albans 2
Lost at Tewkesbury, 1471- exiled

Question 12

Suffolk

Answer 12

William de la Pole
Favourite of Henry’s during 1440s, blamed for loss of Normandy after attack on Fougeres- imprisoned, later released and exiled, executed in Dover

Question 13

Salisbury

Answer 13

Richard Neville Sr- Yorkist
Father of Warwick, brother in law of York
Joined York in Dartford Coup
Appointed chancellor by York
Defeated at Ludford, 1459
Attainted at PoD, 1459
Killed at Wakefield, 1460

Question 14

Say

Answer 14

Noble member of Suffolk’s clique- granted land in 1440s, killed by Cade’s rebels

Question 15

Crowmer

Answer 15

Noble member of Suffolk’s clique- granted land in 1440s, killed by Cade’s rebels

Question 16

Rutland

Answer 16

Edmund Plantagenet- Yorkist
Son of York, brother of E4 and R3
Killed at Wakefield

Question 17

Nevilles

Answer 17

Yorkist noble dynasty
Members include- Salisbury, Warwick, Cecily (sister of Salisbury, wife of York, mother of E4 and R3), Fauconberg (Earl of Kent under E4), Montagu (once Northumberland under E4, killed with Warwick at Barnet), Anne (wife of R3)

Question 18

Warwick- 1450-61

Answer 18

Richard Neville, Yorkist
Captain of Calais, joined York in London, 1450, joins Dartford Coup 1452
Invades King’s council 1458 after piracy- flees to Calais, sacked as Captain
Fled Rout of Ludford- 1459
Kills Buckingham at Northampton, 1460
Defeated at St Albans 2, 1461

Question 19

Somerset

Answer 19

Edmund Beaufort- Lancastrian
Surrendered Normandy, 1450, tried to arrest York in 1450, made Captain of Calais 1451, stopped Dartford Coup in 1452
Imprisoned by York in 1453, released, killed at St Albans 1, 1455

Question 20

Audley

Answer 20

James Tuchet- Lancastrian
Killed at Blore Heath by Salisbury

Question 21

York Sr

Answer 21

Richard Plantagenet- Yorkist
Marches on London with army, 1450
Orchestrates Dartford Coup to unseat Somerset, fails, 1452
Made protector, reforms navy, imprisons Somerset, appoints himself Captain of Calais, reduces expenditure
Second protectorate- lowers debts, eases tensions in Devon and Yorkshire
Put forward unpopular Act of Resumption, 1456
Defeated at Ludford, 1459
Claims throne, 1460- made heir in subsequent Act of Accord
Killed at Wakefield, 1460