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History > 1444-61 Timeline > Flashcards

1444-61 Timeline Flashcards

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1
Q

Battle of Mortimer’s Cross

A

February 1461- March routs Lancastrians in revenge for York’s death (Parhelion)
Yorkist Victory

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2
Q

Suffolk imprisoned

A

January 1450- accused of manipulating king, unpopular due to losing French lands, his clique (Say, Moleyns) being granted land- Moleyns killed in Portsmuth

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3
Q

Battle of Wakefield

A

December 1460- York, Rutland and Salisbury killed- York succeeded by March (E4)
Lancastrian Victory

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4
Q

York claims throne

A

October 1460

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5
Q

York’s first protectorate

A

March 1454- appoints brother in law Salisbury chancellor, reforms navy, appoints himself captain of Calais, Somerset imprisoned in tower

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6
Q

York reduces profligate expenditure from 24k in 1450 to 5k in

A

1455

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7
Q

H6’s illness begins

A

August 1453- falls into unresponsive trance

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8
Q

Rout of Ludford

A

October 1459- Yorkists overrun after defections- York, Salisbury, Warwick and Edward Earl of March flee
Lancastrian Victory

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9
Q

Henry VI £375,000 in debt

A

1450

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10
Q

Assassination attempt on Warwick

A

1456

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11
Q

Attack on Fougeres

A

March 1449- Failed attack, Rouen lost, Suffolk charged with treason

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12
Q

Parliament of Devils

A

December 1459- Margaret orders death for Yorkists and Warwick- seizes land, goods, disinherits heirs- highly unpopular due to severity

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13
Q

Warwick invades King’s council

A

1458- having been accused of piracy after attacking Hansa Fleet of Lubeck, invades council with 600 armed men, flees to Calais, sacked as Captain, failed assassination attempt

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14
Q

First Battle of St Albans

A

May 1455- Somerset tried to avoid battle- killed along with Northumberland and Clifford
Yorkists capture Henry
Yorkist victory

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15
Q

Act of Accord

A

October 1460- York made heir to throne, Edward PoW disinherited

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16
Q

Battle of Northampton

A

July 1460- Buckingham defeated and killed by Warwick- Henry captured by Yorkists, Margaret and EPoW escape
Yorkist victory

17
Q

Suffolk made Lord Chancellor

A

1447- evidence of favouritism of clique

18
Q

Battle of Towton

A

March 1461- Yorkist victory with 50k troops- Margaret, H6 and EPoW flee to Scotland
Yorkist Victory

19
Q

York puts forward Act of Resumption

A

1456- hated by nobles

20
Q

Somerset and York arrive in London

A

September 1450- Somerset returns from France, York from Ireland- arrives in London with 3k retainers and Warwick- Somerset tries to arrest York, almost killed by mob, nobility split between two

21
Q

Loveday

A

March 1458- Henry orchestrates useless ritual of ‘unity’

22
Q

Treaty of Tours

A

1444- treaty with French, gave Maine, established 5 year peace. Unpopular, Suffolk criticised

23
Q

Normandy lost to French

A

April 1450- following disastrous attack on Fougeres- Suffolk had failed to build defences, Somerset surrendered

24
Q

Battle of Ferrybridge

A

March 1461- precursor to Towton, Clifford killed
Yorkist Victory

25
Q

York’s second protectorate

A

1455-56- lowers debts, eases tensions between Bonvilles and Courtenays, stopped Exeter and Percys taking city of York

26
Q

Prince Edward born

A

October 1453

27
Q

Cade’s Rebellion

A

May & June 1450- started in Kent, pillaged London protesting against taxes and ‘evil councillors’- Say and Crowmer killed, Suffolk’s clique, in charge of Kent, which had been scapegoated for Suffolk’s death

28
Q

Second Battle of St Albans

A

February 1461- Warwick defeated, Henry recaptured by Lancastrians
Lancastrian victory

29
Q

Somerset released from Tower

A

February 1455

30
Q

Henry recovers

A

January 1455

31
Q

Suffolk released

A

May 1450- Released and exiled, executed by pirates in straits of Dover

32
Q

Harvest of Heads

A

1451- execution of Cade’s rebels

33
Q

Edward IV sworn in as King

A

March 1461- before Ferrybridge and Towton

34
Q

Dartford Coup

A

March 1452- York- having sworn loyalty to H6- gathers army and nobility (Buckingham, Warwick, Salisbury) against Somerset- outnumbered at Dartford, fails to unseat Somerset
Lancastrian victory

35
Q

Somerset made Captain of Calais

A

1451

36
Q

Battle of Blore Heath

A

September 1459- Audley intercepts Salisbury and is killed- Yorkist victory

37
Q

Edward IV crowned

A

June 1461

History (20 decks)

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