w7 connective tissue Flashcards
what is the most abundant connective tissue cell and where is it derived from
fibroblast
mesenchymal cells
role of fibroblast
synthesizes extracellular matrix of connective tissues proper
what organlles do fibroblast have in abundance and how is the nucleus
abundant RER, golgi
have large elongated nucleus w prominent nucleolus
active fibroblast are elongated, fusiform
what organlles do fibroblast have in abundance and how is the nucleus
abundant RER, golgi
have large elongated nucleus w prominent nucleolus
what are fibrocytes and how do they look like
inactive firboblast (smaller, less evidence of protein machinery)
myofibroblast structure
bundles of actin and myosin like smooth muscle cells, but shape similar to fibroblast
(sometimes considered to be intermediate between fibroblast and smooth muscle cells)
myofibroblast abundant in what areas and found in what ligament
abundant in areas of WOUND HEALING
found in pERIODONTAL LIGAMENT (thought to be involved w tooth eruption
pericytes
facilitate blood flow
-intermediate between endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells
-partially surround endothelial cells of capillaries and small venules
-dervied from mesenchymal cells
-multipotential/pluripotential (vascule smooth muscle, fibroblasts, adipocytes, [meural cells, glial cells, skeletal muscle fibers])
-thourght to modulate function of endothelial cells, have contractile properties
-surrounded by basal lamina, separate from connective tissue compartment
adipose cell functions (2) and derived from what
synthesis and stoarge of triglycerides
production of estrogen and leptin
derived from mesenchymal cells
unilocular fat cells
one single large lipid droplet fills the entire cell “white fat”
multiocular fat cell structure and involved in what
many small lipid droplets in cytoplasm “brown fat” (also contain large number of mitochondria)
involved in heat generation
what are members of mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS)
macrophages
macrophages arrise from what cells where and become what cytes, which matures into macrophages under the influence of what
arise from stem cells in bone marrow, become monocytes, which mature under M-CSF
what fuses to form foreign-body giant cells and what is its function
macrophages
role - phagocytosis of senescent, damaged and dead cells, cellular debris, foreign substances and microorganisms
act as ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS
mast cells dervied from what precursors
marrow
mast cells have cytoplasm filled w basophilic granules containing what (3)
heparin, histamine, proteases
plasma cells produce what
antibodies
neutrophils do what
phagocytose bacteria
eosinophils do what
combat parasites, moderate allergic reactions
basophils do what
initiate, maintain, and control inflammatory processes
lymphocytes found where
found at sites of chronic inflammation
monocytes differentiate into what
macrophages
what is diapedesis
process where luekocytes escape blood stream by squeezing between endothelial cells
extracellular matrix made of what 2 components
fibers and ground substance
what is the most abundant protein in the body
collagen
collagen is formed of what subunits, which are composed of what
tropocollagen
composed of 3 alpha-chains
what is the most widespread form of collagen, and where is it found
type 1 collagen
found in CT proper, bone, dentin, cementum
where are type II, III, IV collagen found
II - cartilage
III - reticular fibers
IV - basal lamina
reticular fibers are very slender glycosylated fibers of what type collagen
type III collagen
reticular fibers function and secreted by what
form framework fo rliver, endocrine, lymphatic and hematopoietic tissues
secreted by reticular cells
what are elsatic fibers composed of and are they thicker or thinner than collagen fibers
thinner than collagen fibers
composed of elastin and microfirbils
what is the ground substance of the ECM composed of (3)
glycosaminoglycans
proteoglycans
adhesive glycoproteins
mesenchymal cells are thought to persist only where in adults
tooth pulp
plasma cell comes from what
B lymphocyte (which comes from hematopoietic stem cells)
macrophage comes from what
monocyte (which comes form hematopoietic stem cells)
loose amorphous tissue is found only where (known as wharton’s jelly) and what kind of connective tissue
mucous connective tissue
found in umbilical cord
dense irregular connective tissue
collagen fibers arranged in MULTIPLE orientations, serving to resist stress from all directions, elastic fibers often scattered among collagen
found in dermis of skin, sheaths of nerves, capsule of spleen, testes, ovaries, kidneys, and lymph nodes
dense regular collagenous CT
collagen bundles packed PARALLEL to each other, resisting tensile forces
found in tendons, ligaments, aponeurosis
dense regular Elastic CT
contains mostly ELASTIC fibers, w LITTLE collagen
found in blood vessels, ligamentum flavum (of vertebral column), suspensory ligament of penis
reticular connective tissue contain what type collagen
type III collagen fibers
