w7 bone

Question 1

what is the shaft of long bones

Answer 1

diaphysis

Question 2

what is the articular end of long bones

Answer 2

epiphysis

Question 3

what is the growth region between diaphysis and epiphysis of long bones

Answer 3

epiphyseal plate/disc

Question 4

what is the transitional area between diaphysis and epiphyseal plate o flong bones

Answer 4

metaphysis

Question 5

bone made of what type collagen fibers

Answer 5

type 1 collagen fibers

Question 6

how much of the bone is inorganic component and what is a main component

Answer 6

about 65% of dry weight of bone

hydroxyapatite

Question 7

where are osteogenic (osteoprogenitor) cells located

Answer 7

found in the deepest layer of periosteum, adjacent to the endosteum

Question 8

osteogenic cells derived from what

Answer 8

mesenchyme

Question 9

osteogenic cells undergo cell division to give rise to what

Answer 9

osteoblast

Question 10

osteoblast found where

Answer 10

on periosteal and endosteal surfaces of bone

Question 11

how to osteoblast communicate

Answer 11

by gap junctions

Question 12

role of osteoblasts

Answer 12

SECRETE THE BONE MATRIX, SIGNALING

Question 13

when does an osteoblast become an osteocyte

Answer 13

when an osteoblast surrounds itself w matrix

Question 14

where are osteocytes located

Answer 14

in LACUNA

Question 15

osteocytes processes of adjacent cells connected by what

Answer 15

gap junctions

Question 16

role of osteocytes

Answer 16

maintain BONE MATRIX, MECHANOTRANSDUCTION

Question 17

how do osteoclasts attach to bone, and what does that surround

Answer 17

attach to bone by SEALING ZONE,
which surrounds a RUFFLED BORDER

Question 18

role of osteoclasts

Answer 18

BONE RESORPTION, SIGNALING

Question 19

compact bone tissue located where and laid down where

Answer 19

located in peripherla part of bone and laid down in OSTEONS (harversian system)

Question 20

lamellae 3 types and location

Answer 20

concentric (haversian) - form the osteon itself
interstitial - between osteons
circumferential - around outside and inside of bone

Question 21

what does the periosteum do

Answer 21

nourish bone tissue, provide supply of new osteoblasts for appositional bone growth or repair

Question 22

what does the endosteum do

Answer 22

covers internal surface of bone (trabeculae, walls of marrow cavity)

Question 23

spongy bone (cancellous or trabecular bone) formed from what

Answer 23

interconnecting trabecular (tissue elemnt in the form of a small beam, strut, or rod)

Question 24

where is the spongy bone located

Answer 24

marrow spaces between trabeculae

Question 25

periosteum of the skull is called what

Answer 25

pericranium

Question 26

bones of the skull have 2 external bony tables separated by spongy bone called what

Answer 26

diploic bone

Question 27

what is marrow

Answer 27

cellular material occuyping spaces inside bone

Question 28

what does red marrow consist of

Answer 28

developing blood cells
contains reticular cells and reticular fibers
has abudnat sinusoids

Question 29

what does yellow marrow consist of

Answer 29

adipose tissue found within medullary cavity

Question 30

which marrow type replaces the other as people age

Answer 30

yellow replaces red marrow

Question 31

what does parathyroid hormone do

Answer 31

stimulate bone resorption, thus elevating blood calcium levels

Question 32

what does calcitonin do and what gland is it secreted by

Answer 32

inhibits osteoclast activity, and promotes urinary excretion of calcium and phosphate

secreted by thyroid gland

Question 33

what does sex steroids do

Answer 33

promote bone growth during adolescence and prevent bone loss in adulthood