Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BMS191 > W6 Integument System > Flashcards

W6 Integument System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the integumentary system composed of?

A

Skin and it’s accessory structures: hair, nails, various types of glands, and sensory receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

List the functions of skin

A

Regulate body temp Protective barrier between external environment Contains nerve endings Help synthesis vitamin D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name the tissue type composing the epithelial tissue

A

Epidermis Dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define epidermis

A

Superficial thinner layer, composed of epithelial tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define Dermis

A

A deeper, thicker portion. It is compose of connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define Hypo Dermis

A

Is ocmposed of areolar and adipose tissue. THE HYPO DERMIS IS NOT APART OF THE SKIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the functions of the hypodermis

A

Fibres act to anchor the skin to the hypodermis, fat storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the two major types of skin?

A

Thin skin Thick skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the structure of thin skin

A

Has a thin epidermis. It contains hair sebaceous (oil) glands, but fewer (sudoriferous (sweat) glands than thick skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where is thin skin found?

A

Covers all parts of the body except the palms, palmar surface of fingers, planta surface of toes, and sole of feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the structure of thicl skin

A

Has a thick epidermis. Lacks hair and sebaceous (oil) glands, but has more sudoriferous (sweat glands) than thin skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where is thick skin found?

A

Covers the palms, palmer surface of fingers, plantar surface of toes, and soles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the epidermis composed of?

A

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name the 4 cell types that the epidermis is composed of

A

Keratinocytes Melanocytes Langerhans Cells Merkel Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe Keratinocytes

A

Most numerous cell type, They produce keratin, which is a tough, fibrous protein that helps protect the cells and underlying tissues. Also produced lamellar granules (waterproofing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe Melanocytes

A

Are located in the deepest layer of the epidermis. These cells produce melanin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Describe Langerhans Cell

A

Make up only a small fraction of epidermal cells. They perform immune function, by fighting microbes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Describe Merkel Cells

A

Least numerous of all cells in the epidermis. Located deep in the epidermis and form touch receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the four cellular strata found in thin skin?

A

Stratum basale Stratum spinosum Stratum Granulosum Stratum Corneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Describe Stratum basale

A

A single row of cuboidal keratinocytes, this layer also contains melanocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Describe Stratum Spinosum

A

Layers more towards the surface, have a more flattened appearance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Describe Stratum Granulosum

A

These cells undergo apoptosis. Flattened keratinocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Describe Stratum Corneum

A

Composed of 25-30 layers of dead flattened keratinocytes. Continually shed and replaced by cells from a deeper layer

24
Q

PICWhat are the 5 cellular strata found in thick skin?

A

Stratum Lucidum Contains the same cellular strata as thin, with an extra layer

25
Q

How does epidermal growth proceed?

A

Cells that have been newly formed in the stratum basale are gradually pushed to the surface of the epidermis (stratum corneum) called keratinization. Takes 4 weeks

26
Q

What is the dermis composed of?

A

Connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibers + blood vessels, nerves, glans, and hair follicles

27
Q

Name the 2 regions of which the dermis can be divided into

A

The papillary region - directly underneath the epidermis The reticular region - located below the papillary region

28
Q

What is the papillary region composed of?

A

Areolar connective tissue containing elastic fibers

29
Q

What are dermal papillae?

A

The presence of finger like projections

30
Q

What are epidermal ridges?

A

Downward projections of the epidermis

31
Q

How do epidermal ridges and dermal papillae interact?

A

Join together to form a very strong connection, helps resist shearing forces that could separate the epidermis from the dermis

32
Q

Describe the recticular region

A

It is attached to the hypodermis, composed of dense irregular connective tissue containing bundles of collagen fibers. Gives skin extensibility and elasticity

33
Q

What is the reticular region composed of?

A

Hair follicles, nerves, sebaceous (oil) glands, and sudoriferous (sweat) glands

34
Q

What are the tree pigments that give skin its colour?

A

Melanin, Carotene, Haemoglobin

35
Q

What is a influencing factor in skin colour?

A

Heredity, major factor in melatin production

36
Q

Describe ways in which the integument system protects the body

A

Physcal barrier to microorganisms Barrier to chemicals Reduces potential for mechanical trauma Protects against excess UV exposure

37
Q

Describe protection - surface film on the skin

A

Antibacterial, antifungal activity Lubrication Hydration of skin surface

38
Q

Name chemical composition of epithelial elements of surface film

A

Amino acids Sterols Complex phospholipids

39
Q

Name chemical composition from the sebum on surface film

A

Fatty acids Triglycerides Waxes

40
Q

Name chemical composition from sweat on the surface film

A

Water Ammonia Lactic Acid

41
Q

What are the functions of the Skin?

A

Sensation, flexibility, excretion

42
Q

List the sensations detected by the skin

A

Heat Gentle touch Pain Cold Hair

43
Q

List the glands involved in secretion

A

Eccrine glands Apocrine gland Sebaceous gland Ceruminous gland

44
Q

Describe the Eccrine Gland

A

Most numerous sweat glands, secrete perspiration

45
Q

Describe Apocrine gland

A

Located deep in subcutaneous layer, large

46
Q

Describe Sebaceous glands

A

Secrete sebum

47
Q

Describe Ceruminous glands

A

Modified apocrine sweat gland, located in ear

48
Q

What is the skins role in absorption?

A

Substances can enter the body through the skin

49
Q

Describe the integuments involvement in vitamin product

A

Exposure of sin to UV light converts to Vit D precursor, blood transport the precursor to the liver and kidneys. The process and end result fulfill the steps required to classify vit D

50
Q

Name the immune cells that reside in the integument and describe their fuction

A

Phagocytic cells destroy bacteria. Resident dendritic cells in the skin known as Langerhans cells, these act as antigen presenting cells, showing antigen to lympohocytes. Dendritic cells trigger helpful immune reactions by working with helper t-cells

51
Q

Explain how the skin helps cool the body or retain warmth

A

Homeostasis of temperature Heat production amount of muscular work being performed. Heath loss: to evaporate any fluid, heat energy much be expended

52
Q

What are the mechanisms of heat loss

A
  • Radiation
  • Conduction
  • Convection
53
Q

PICDescribe radiation

A

Transfer of heat from one object to another without actual contact

54
Q

Describe conduction

A

Transfer of heat to any substance actually in contact with the body

55
Q

Describe convection

A

Transfer of heat anyway from a surface by movement of air

56
Q

How is heat loss regulated?

A

Controlled by negative feed back loop -> receptors in the hypothalamus

57
Q

Explain the development of hair

A

Distribution: over entire body except palms Lanugo: fine, soft hair coat Terminal hair: coarse public hair Hair follicles

BMS191 (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions