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BMS191 > W3 Chem Organic Chem > Flashcards

W3 Chem Organic Chem Flashcards

1
Q

What is organic molecules?

A

Are those that contain the element carbon (C)

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2
Q

What are the four main compounds the body is made up of?

A

Oxygen Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen. Forms bulk of body matter

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3
Q

What compounds are carbohydrates in the body?

A

Primarily function as a source of chemical energy

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4
Q

What elements do carbohydrates contain?

A

Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen

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5
Q

What are the three major groups of carbohydrates based on size?

A

Monosaccharides Disaccharides Polysaccharides

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6
Q

What are monosaccharides?

A

Are simple carbs that contain between 3 and 7 atoms (simple sugars)

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7
Q

What are polysaccharides?

A

Molecules that are firned by joing together tens or hundreds of monosaccharides. (insoluable)

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8
Q

What are the four main types of organic molecules?

A

Carbohydrates Lipids (fats oils) Proteins Nucleotides and Nucleic acids

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9
Q

What is the main polysaccharides produced by plants?

A

Straches and cellulose

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10
Q

What is the main Polysaccaharide?

A

Glycogen, easily stored.

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11
Q

What are the main polysaccharides produced by plants?

A

Starches, cellulose

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12
Q

Describe Proteins

A

Made up by joining amino acids together (building blocks)

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13
Q

Describe Nucleic Acids

A

Composed of chains of nucleotides. Containing Carbon Hydrogen Ocygen Nitrogen Phosphorus

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14
Q

What are common forms of lipids found in the body?

A

Fatty acids and triglycerides Phospholipids Steroids Eicosanoids Fat soluable vitamins

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15
Q

What does hydrophobic mean?

A

Water fearing, insoluable.

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16
Q

What is a fatty acid?

A

Simplest lipids in the body. Saturated = carbon saturated with hydrogen. Unsaturated contains C=C bonds

17
Q

What is a fatty acid?

A

Simplest lipids in the body. Saturated = carbon saturated with hydrogen. Unsaturated contains C=C bonds

18
Q

What is a triglyceride?

A

Fatty acids exist as apart of a triglyceride.

19
Q

What is fat?

A

A triglyceride that is soild at room temp

20
Q

What is a phospholipid?

A

Like triglycerides have a glycerol core, two fatty acid and a modified phosphate group. (Hydrophillic)

21
Q

What are steroids?

A

Cholesterol, Cortisol, Estrogen, Testosterone

22
Q

What are proteins comprised of?

A

Carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen

23
Q

What are the bonds between two amino acids called?

A

The covalent bond between two amino acids is called a peptide bond.

24
Q

What is a peptide bond?

A

Dehydration reaction.

25
Q

What is a dipeptide protein?

A

Two amino acids joined together

26
Q

What is a tripeptide protein?

A

Three amino acids joined together

27
Q

What is a polypeptide?

A

tens to thousands of amino acids joined together

28
Q

What are the levels of structural organisation in proteins?

A

Primary Structure Secondary Structure Tertiary structure Quaternary structure

29
Q

What is denaturation?

A

Breaking down of a protein 3D shape. Changes in temp and a acidic enviro. = loses their function

30
Q

What is denaturation?

A

Breaking down of a protein 3D shape. Changes in temp and a acidic enviro. = loses their function

31
Q

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

A

A nitrogenous base A sugar composed of 5 C (carbons) A phosphate group

32
Q

How do mucleotides pair up inside DNA double helix?

A

Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T) Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G)

33
Q

What other important roles Nucleotides play in the body?

A

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) Cyclic AMO (cAMP)

34
Q

What is the function of adensoine triphosphate (ATP)?

A

Acts as a storage molecule for energy. Chemical potential energy.

35
Q

How is ATP energy used?

A

BMS191 (19 decks)

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