W4 L1 Microbiology

Question 1

Define microbiology

Answer 1

the study of microbes

Question 2

List 3 roles of microbes

Answer 2

Decomposition of deal organisms and their waste products
Antibiotic production
Food production

Question 3

What are the two main categories of microbes?

Answer 3

Acellular

Cellular

Question 4

What is a pathogen?

Answer 4

Disease causing microorganisms (infectious agents)

Question 5

What is a non-pathogen?

Answer 5

Microbes that do not cause disease

Question 6

Define acelluar

Answer 6

Microbes that need to invade other cells to replicate or perform physiological functions

Question 7

What is an example of acellur?

Answer 7

Virusus (viroids, prions)

Question 8

Define opportunistic microbes

Answer 8

Can cause disease if they colonize in areas of the body that are vulnerable

Question 9

What is a viroid?

Answer 9

Infectious particles, interfere with the function of plant cells

Question 10

What is a prion?

Answer 10

Infectious particles that cause neurological conditions in humans and animals

Question 11

Describe the structure of viruses

Answer 11

Made up of either DNA or RNA.

A protein coat called a capsid made of proteins called capsomeres.

Question 12

List the properties that distinguish viruses from living cells

Answer 12

Viruses cannot replicate on their own, they need a host cell.
- Viruses cannot produce their own energy
They cannot produce their own proteins

Question 13

List the characteristics that viruses are classified by

Answer 13

DNA or RNA
The shape of the caspid
Presence or absence of an envelope

Question 14

What is bacteriophages?

Answer 14

Viruses that infect bacteria

Question 15

What is an animal virus?

Answer 15

Viruses that infect animals

Question 16

Define obligate intracellular microorganism

Answer 16

Can only reproduce within the host cells

Question 17

Explain why it is difficult to design anti-viral drugs

Answer 17

It’s difficult to kill the virus without killing the host cell