W4 L3 Microbe Classification and ecology

Question 1

What is taxonomy?

Answer 1

Is a field of science that deals with 2 seperate but related areas

Question 2

Identify the 3 systems system used for microorganisms

Answer 2

Classification
Nomenclature
Identification

Question 3

Define classification

Answer 3

The process of arranging organisms into groups or taxa

Question 4

Define nomenclature

Answer 4

Is the assignment of names to various taxa

Question 5

Define identification

Answer 5

the process of determing whether organisms belongs within one of the taxas, or to be assigned to a new one

Question 6

Identify 5 ways that can be used to classify bacteria

Answer 6

Obligate aerobes
Obligate anaerobes
Microaerophile
Aerotolerant anaerobes
Facultative anaerobes

Question 7

Define Obligate aerobes

Answer 7

Bacteria that have absolute requirement for an atmosphere with around 20% oxygen

Question 8

Define Obligate anaerobes

Answer 8

Bacteria that can grown in an environment with no oxygen

Question 9

Define microaerophiles

Answer 9

Bacteria that have an absolute requirement for an oxygen containing environment

Question 10

Define Aerotolerant anaerobes

Answer 10

Bacteria that can grow in an atmosphere with oxygen BUT grows better without

Question 11

Define Facultative Anaerobes

Answer 11

Bacteria that are capable of surviving in atmospheres with oxygen or without

Question 12

Identify 5 ways that can be used to identify bacteria

Answer 12

Nomenclature (name)
Shape: Cocci, Rod, Spiral
Morphology
Motile or none motile
Pathogenic or non-pathogenic

Question 13

If bacteria have a THICK outer layer of peptidoglycan their considered?

Answer 13

Gram+positive

Question 14

If bacteria have a THIN outer layer of peptidoglycan their considered?

Answer 14

Gram-negative

Question 15

What colour is gram positive?

Answer 15

Blue/purple

Question 16

What colour is gram negative?

Answer 16

Red/pink

Question 17

Why is gram positive blue/purple?

Answer 17

Due to a thick outer layer of peptidoglycan

Question 18

Why is gram negative red/pink?

Answer 18

Due to a thinner layer of peptidoglycan

Question 19

What are the unique features of Rickettsias?

Answer 19

Gram negative. Must live within host cells

Question 20

What are the unique features of Chlamydias?

Answer 20

Gram negative. Must live within host cells

Question 21

What are the unique features of Mycoplasmas?

Answer 21

Smallest of cellular microbes, that do not posses a cell wall.
(resistant to antibiotics)

Question 22

Define symbiosis

Answer 22

Living together of dissimilar organisms

Question 23

What are the 3 categories of Symbiosis?

Answer 23

Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism

Question 24

Define mutualism in relation to symbiosis

Answer 24

Where both symbionts derive benefit from the association

Question 25

Define commensalism is relation to symbiosis

Answer 25

Where only one symbiont derives benefit from the relationship, relationship is neither harmful or beneficial

Question 26

Define parasitism in relation to symbionts

Answer 26

Where only one symbionts derive benefit

Question 27

Define indigenous microflora

Answer 27

Microbes that live on or in the human body

Question 28

Give examples of where indigenous microflora are found

Answer 28

Skin
Ears
Surface of the eye
Mouth

Question 29

Explain the function of indigenous microflora

Answer 29

Gut microbe

Stimulate immune system

Question 30

Define biofilm

Answer 30

Complex microbe communities attached to a surface with a slime layer.

Question 31

What is the clinical significance of biofilm

Answer 31

Biofilm is resistant to antibiotics, disinfectants and immune responses