W4 L2 Cellular Microbes

Question 1

What are the two main categories of cellular microbes?

Answer 1

Procaryotes

Eucaryotes

Question 2

What is a Procaryote?

Answer 2

Bacteria

Question 3

What is a Eucaryote?

Answer 3

Fungi, yeast

Question 4

What are the function of prokaryotes cell components?

Answer 4

Plasama membrane
Chromosome
Plasmid
Cytoplasm
Cell wall
No cell nucelus

Question 5

What is the function of the Plasma membrane in Prokaryotes?

Answer 5

Encloses the contents of the cell

Question 6

What is the function of the Chromosome in Prokaryotes?

Answer 6

Single long, circular DNA molecule (there is no cell nucleus

Question 7

What is the function of the Plasmid in Prokaryotes?

Answer 7

Small circular pieces of DNA, not apart of the main chromosone

Question 8

What is the function of the Cytoplasm in Prokaryotes?

Answer 8

A semi-liquid substance that contains -
water
salts
enzymes

Question 9

What is the function of the Cell wall in Prokaryotes?

Answer 9

Rigid structure on the outside of the cell membrane.

Question 10

What is a peptidoclycan?

Answer 10

A complex molecule only found in bacteria

Question 11

Define gram-positive

Answer 11

thick layer of peptidogglycan on the outside surface of the cell wall

Question 12

Define gram-negative

Answer 12

Thin later of peptidoglycan,on the outside surface of the cell wall

Question 13

Define Capsules

Answer 13

Firmly attached to the outside of the cell wall

Question 14

Define Slim Layers

Answer 14

Is not firmly attached to the cell wall, is not highly organised

Question 15

Define fimbria

Answer 15

Hair like structures, allowing them to commit to other structures.

Question 16

Define flagella

Answer 16

Allows propelling through fluids ‘motile’

Question 17

What is an endospore?

Answer 17

Are thick walled structures that contain a copy of the chromosome

Question 18

Explain the advantage of endospores

Answer 18

Allow bacteria to survive in adverse conditions

Question 19

Define binary fission

Answer 19

Cells reproduce via the parent cell splitting into 2 halves, producing 2 new cells

Question 20

Identify the different groups of Eukaryotic microbes

Answer 20

Algae
Protozoa
Fungi
Yeasts

Question 21

Describe 2 differences in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Answer 21

Prokaryotic: DNA is FREE floating within the cytoplasm
Prokaryotic: DO NOT possess internal membrane

Eukaryotic: DNA is contained WITHIN the nucleus
Eukaryotic: Structures of internal membrane

Question 22

Describe 1 difference in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Answer 22

Prokaryotic DO NOT posses internal membrane

Eukaryotic posses structures of internal membrane