W6 cranial nerve Flashcards

Question 1

Q

What are the 12 cranial nerves?

Answer

A

I. Olfactory

II. Optic

III. Oculomotor

IV. Trochlear

V. Trigeminal

VI. Abducens

VII. Facial

VIII. Vestibulocochlear

IX. Glossopharyngeal

X. Vagus

XI. Accessory

XII. Hypoglossal

Question 2

Q

What are the basics of cranial nerves?

Answer

A

They belong to the peripheral nervous system.

Covered by meninges.

Motor/Efferent: voluntary; somatic &; brachial.

Sensory/Afferent: involuntary

proprioception
visceral sensory
general sensory
Special sensory

Question 3

Q

What is the roman numeral for the Olfactory nerve -Type of nerve, cranial exit, functions?

Answer

A

I. Olfactory nerve; Sensory (afferent).

Cranial exit: Foramina on cribriform plate of ethmoid bone. Functions: sense of smell

Question 4

Q

What is the roman numeral for the optic nerve -Type of nerve, cranial exit, functions?

Answer

A

II. Optic nerve: sensory (afferent) - Vision.

Cranial exit: optic canal.

Functions: vision

Question 5

Q

What is the roman numeral for the Occulomotor nerve -Type of nerve, cranial exit, functions?

Answer

A

III. Occulomotor nerve: Motor (efferent). Somatic & PNS.

Caries preganglionic parasympatetic fibres to cilary ganglion near eye ball.

Cranial exit: exits through the superior orbital fissure (SOF) of spenoid bone.

Functions: motor supply to 4 of 6 extraoccular muscles, parasympathetic constriction of pupil and lens

Question 6

Q

What is the roman numeral for the Trochlear nerve -Type of nerve, cranial exit, functions?

Answer

A

IV. Trochlear nerve. Motor (efferent) somatic

Cranial exit: Superior orbital fissure

Functions: innervate the superior oblique muscle of the eye to turn eye downward and medially. Longest pathway!

Question 7

Q

What is the roman numeral for the Trigeminal nerve -Type of nerve, cranial exit, functions?

Answer

A

V. Trigeminal; sensory (afferent). Ganglions → 3 main branches Cranial exit:

Functions:

Question 8

Q

What is the roman numeral for the Abducens nerve -Type of nerve, cranial exit, functions?

Answer

A

VI. Abducens nerve. Motor (efferent) somatic

Cranial exit: Superior orbital fissure of the spenoid bone

Functions: innervates the lateral rectus of the eye, the abductor of the eye.

Question 9

Q

What is the roman numeral for the Facial nerve -Type of nerve, cranial exit, functions?

Answer

A

VII. Facial Nerve;

Special sensory to take anterior 2/3 of tongue.

Motor: muscles of foacial expression, middle ear, stylohyoid muscle, posterior belly of diagastric muscle.

General sensory: small area of skin over ear.

Parasympathetic: Lacrimal, sublingual & submandibular glands

Cranial exit:

Functions:

Question 10

Q

What is the roman numeral for the Vestibulcoclear nerve -Type of nerve, cranial exit, functions?

Answer

A

VIII. Vestibulocochlear nerve. Special sensory (afferent)

Cranial exit: internal acoustic meatus of temporal bone.

Functions: The vestibular division is concerned with the maintenance of equilibrium. The cochlear division is conered with hearing

Question 11

Q

What is the roman numeral for the Glossopharyngeal nerve -Type of nerve, cranial exit, functions?

Answer

A

IX. Glossopharyngeal; motor (brachial & parasympathetic) sensory (special, general, proprioceptive)

Cranial exit: Juglar foramen

Functions: Motor: Stylopharyngeus

Parasympathetic: to the parotid gland
Special sensory: posterior third of the tongue
Sensory: from the posterior third of the tongue, the pharynx, the middle ear cavity and to the carotid sinus and body. Proprioceptive!

Question 12

Q

What is the roman numeral for the Vagus nerve -Type of nerve, cranial exit, functions?

Answer

A

X. Vagus. Motor (efferent) brachial and parasympathetic. Sensory (special, general, proprioception).

Cranial exit: Jugular foramen

Functions:

Motor: muscles of pharynx and larynx except stylopharngeus. parasympathetic: smooth muscle of trachea, bronchi, digestive tract and cardiac muscle of heart.
Special: taste → epiglottis and plate.
General sensory: from skin of the external ear and dura mater of posterior crania fossa from tongue, pharynx, laryn, bronchi, heart, oesophagus, stomach , intestine.