Vocabulary For Genetics Flashcards
Homozygous
having 2 identical alleles of a particular gene or genes
Heterozygous
Having 2 different alleles of a particular gene or genes
Dominant
A dominant gene or trait
Codominance
A type of inheritance in which two alleles of the same gene are express separately to yield different traits in an individual
Incomplete dominance
Both alleles of a gene at partially expressed, resulting in an intermediate or different phenotype
Recessive
Heritable characteristics expressed in offspring only when inherited from both parents.
Genotype
The genetic constitution of an individual organism
Phenotype
Set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment
Epistasis
The interaction of genes that are not alleles
Pleiotropy
Production of a single gene of two or more unrelated effects
Allele
1 of 2 or more alternative forms of a gene that arise from mutation
Are found at the same place on a chromosome
Test cross
An experiment when an organism showing a dominant trait has to be tested for its genotype
The law of segregation
When an organism makes gametes, each gamete receives just one copy of a gene, which is selected randomly.
Independent assortment
How different genes independently separate from one another during meiosis.
What is it called when a single gene affects a number of seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits?
Pleiotropy
