4 Flashcards
What is carbon often nicknamed?
The back bone of life
What elements are we made of?
CHNOPS: Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur. Also Calcium Phosphate.
What do combos of Carbon create?
The biodiversity of life
Are Carbon bond polar or non polar?
Non polar
What is a hydrocarbon?
A macromolecule that’ consists of nothing but hydrogen and carbons. They are loaded with energy
How do hydrocarbons vary?
- Length: the number of carbons may vary
- Bonds: amount and location of double and triple bonds vary
- Branching: the arrangement of carbon atoms vary
4 types of carbon variations
- Length
- Branching
- Double bond position
- Presence of rings (form rings)
What are isomers?
Compounds with the same number if atoms of the same element, but have different spatial arrangements and in turn, different properties
What are the 3 types of isomers?
- Structural isomers
- Cis-trans Isomers
- Enantiomers
What are structural isomers?
Shape change of atoms in a molecule
What are Cis-trans isomers?
The spatial arrangement of changes around a carbon to carbon DOUBLE BOND.
Cis: the two atoms are on the same side
Trans: the two atoms are on opposite sides
What are enantiomers?
-Molecules that are mirrors of each other
-there just exists an asymmetric carbon
What is an asymmetric carbon?
It is a carbon atom that has 4 different atoms or groups of atoms bonded to it. Must be FOUR DIFFERENT.
