Vocabulary for Exam 4- MORS 113 Flashcards
Method of drainage in which the drainage is stopped at intervals while the injection continues. A type of restricted drainage.
Intermittent Drainage
Substances that bind metallic ions such as EDTA (ethylenediarnine- tetracetic acid) used as an anticoagulant in embalming solutions.
Chelate
A chemical capable of drying tissues by searing, caustic.
Cauterizing Agent
Abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluids in the ventricles of the brain.
Hydrocephalus
Disease characterized by a rash, for example, measles.
Exanthematous Disease
Mucous membrane that lines the eyelid and covers the white portion of the eye.
Conjunctiva
Occurs when the arterial supply to an area of the body is increased.
Active Capillary Congestion
Abnormal accumulation of fluids in a saclike structure, especially the scrotal sac.
Hydrocele
Sloughing off of the epidermis, wherein there is a separation of the epidermis from the underlying dermis.
Desquamation (Skin Slip)
Water loving.
Hydrophilic
The movement of blood from the heart and arteries into the capillaries and veins, which occurs at the moment of death.
Articulo-Mortis
An organic catalyst produced by living cells and capable of autolytic decomposition.
Enzymes
Biological agent or condition that constitutes a hazard to humans.
Biohazard
The red respiratory portion of the red blood cells; iron containing pigment of red blood cells functioning to carry oxygen to the cells.
Hemoglobin
Any abnormal color in or upon the human body.
Discoloration
Antemortem discolorations resulting from the administration of drugs or chemotherapeutic agents.
Drug Discoloration
Loss of blood to the point where life can no longer be sustained.
Exsanguination
Chemicals added to embalming solution to deal with varying demands predicted upon the embalming fluid to be used, type of embalming and the environment.
Modifying Agents
Liquid product of inflammation containing various proteins and leukocytes.
Pus
Method of drainage in which drainage occurs continuously during vascular (arterial) injection.
Concurrent Drainage (Continuous Drainage)
Those resulting from an acute inflammation of the skin and blisters.
Second Degree Burn
A thin vesicle on the skin containing liquid matter.
Blister
Extravascular movement of preservative fluids by gravitational force to the dependent areas of the body.
Gravity Filtration
An amorphous, nonvolatile solid or soft side substance, a natural exudation from plants. Any of a class of solid or soft organic compounds of natural or synthetic origin.
Resinous Substance
The process of taking in, as in a colored object which takes in certain rays of light and reflects other rays giving the object its recognizable color.
Absorption
A specific antibody acting destructively upon cells and tissues.
Lysin
The mixture of arterial (vascular) fluid and water which is used for the arterial injection and may include supplemental fluids.
Arterial Solution
The movement of the arterial solution through the capillaries into the intercellular spaces, from an intravascular to an extravascular position.
Diffusion Fluid
Glycoprotein substance developed by the body in response to, and interacting specifically with, an antigen.
Antibody (Immunoglobin)
A diminished, or lowered, coagulability of blood.
Hypinosis
Characterized by high fever, causing dehydration of the body.
Febrile
Embalming fluid that contains dyes and coloring agents intended to restore a more natural skin tone through the embalming process.
Cosmetic Fluid (Active Dyes)
The concentrated, preservative, embalming chemical that will be diluted with water to form the arterial solution for injection into the arterial system during vascular embalming. The purpose is for inactivating saprophytic bacteria and rendering the body tissues less susceptible to decomposition.
Arterial Fluid (Vascular Fluid)
An agent employed in the preparation of tissues for the purpose of maintaining the existing form of the structure. Many agents are used, the most important one being formalin.
Fixative
Circumscribed inflammation of the skin and deeper tissues that ends in suppuration and is accompanied by systemic symptoms, such a fever or leukocytosis; Several communicating boils of the skin and subcutaneous tissues with the production and discharge of pus and dead tissue.
Carbuncle
A hallow place or area.
Cavity
The process of converting soluble protein into insoluble protein by heating or contact with a chemical such as alcohol or an aldehyde. The solidification of a solid into a gelatinous mass.
Coagulation
The property of certain cells of becoming fluid when shaken, and then becoming solid again.
Thixotropy
Transparent part of the tunic of the eyeball that covers the iris and pupil and admits light into the interior.
Cornea
Excessive leanness; a wasted condition resulting in sunken surfaces of the face.
Emaciation
Within a cell or cells.
Intracellular
A state of being twisted or pushed out of natural shape or position.
Distortion
The formation of cavities in an organ or tissue; frequently seen in some forms of tuberculosis.
Cavitation
To force a fluid through (an organ or tissue), especially by way of the blood vessels; injection during vascular (arterial) embalming.
Perfusion
The passage of solvent from a solution of lesser to one of greater solute concentration when the two solutions are separated b a semipermeable membrane.
Osmosis (Hindered Diffusion)
Accumulation of serous fluids in the peritoneal cavity.
Ascites
Group of chemicals used in addition to vascular (arterial) and cavity embalming fluids; includes but is not limited to hardening compounds, preservative powders, sealing agents, mold preventative agents, and pack application agents.
Accessory Chemicals
An organic compound containing nitrogen; any compounds formed from ammonia by replacement of one or more hydrogen atoms by organic radicals. The general formula for the primary is R-NH2.
Amine
Antemortem necrosis in a wound infected by an anaerobic gas forming bacillus, the most common etiologic agent being Clostridium perfringens.
Gas Gangrene
Loss of moisture from the body tissue which may occur antemortem or postmortem (antemortem febrile disease, diarrhea or emesis, postmortem injection or embalming solution or through absorption of air).
Dehydration
A vascular incision made on vessels by cutting in an oblique or slanting direction.
Diagonal Incision
Unchecked putrefaction eventually results in a complete breakdown and disappearance of all body structures, except the bones.
Disintegration
An organism that prefers an oxygen environment but is capable of living and growing in its absence.
Facultative Anaerobe
Blood present in vomitus; vomiting of blood from the stomach.
Hematemesis
Conditions characterized by excessive concentrations of bilirubin in the skin and tissues and deposition of excessive bile pigment in the skin, cornea, body fluids, and mucous membranes with the resulting yellow appearance of the patient.
Jaundice (Icterus)
Liquid containing dissolved substances.
Solution
Method of injection-drainage in which embalming solution is injected and then injection is stopped while drainage is open which is a type of restricted drainage.
Alternate Drainage
Combination of iodine and a solubilizing agent or carrier that liberates free iodine in solution; a chemical disinfectant.
Iodophore
Discoloration of the body outside the blood vascular system, for example, ecchymosis, petechia, hematoma, and postmortem stain.
Extravascular Blood Discoloration
The dome-like superior portion of the cranium; that portion removed during cranial autopsy.
Calvarium
The process of seepage or diffusion into tissue of substances that are not ordinarily present.
Infiltration
Legal limits established by OSHA to which workers can be exposed continuously for a short period of time without damage or injury. Exposures at this level should not be for more than 15 minutes and not repeated more than 4 times per work day.
Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL)
Substance used to kill insect larvae.
Larvicide
Rendered thoroughly dry, exhausted of moisture.
Desiccation
The increased size of an organ or part due to the excessive but regulated increase in the number of its cells.
Hyperplasia
The movement of molecules or other particles in solution from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration until uniform concentration is reached.
Diffusion
The rise in temperature after death due to continued cellular metabolism.
Postmortem Caloricity
Chemical in powder form; typically used for surface embalming of the remains.
Preservative Powder
A solution containing a relatively large amount of solute.
Concentrated Solution
Having an abnormal amount of fat on the body.
Corpulence (Obesity)
Drug-induced edema wherein the excess fluid is located within the cell. Upon palpation, there is no noticeable depression.
Solid Edema
Occurs when venous drainage from an area is decreased.
Passive Capillary Congestion
Inflammation of the peritoneum, the membranous coat lining the abdominal cavity and investing the viscera.
Peritonitis
Disease resulting from a deficiency in the secretion of adrenocortical hormones, with “bronze” discoloration of the skin and electrolyte imbalances.
Addison’s Disease
An organic compound containing one or more -CHO groups. The general formula is R-CHO, where R is a hydrocarbon group or hydrogen.
Aldehyde
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the throacic cavity.
Hydrothroax
Building blocks of which proteins are constructed, and the end products of protein digestion or hydrolysis. Their basic formula is NH2-CHR-COOH. An amino group, an alpha carbon, any aliphatic or aromatic radical, and a carboxyl group.
Amino Acid
Between the cells of a structure.
Intercellular
A swelling or mass of clotted blood confined to an organ or spaced caused by a ruptured blood vessel.
Hematoma
Freedom from infection and from any form of life.
Asepsis (Sterility)
Having relatively large patches of color somewhat different from the remainder of the coloring.
Blotched
The presence of bacteria in the blood.
Bacteremia
Absorbing moisture readily.
Hygroscopic
Anaerobic, saprophytic, spore-forming bacterium responsible for tissue gas.
Clostridium perfringens (Gas Bacillus, Clostridium Welchii)
A blood clot which contains all of the blood elements coagulated in an evenly mixed mass.
Current Clot (Cruor clot, jelly clot)
Restorative treatment usually accompanied by aspiration, gravitation, or external pressure to remove gases or excess liquids from tissues; passages are made through the tissues with a scalpel, hypodermic needle, or trocar.
Channeling
Severe generalized edema.
Anasarca
The term applied to a number of pathological conditions causing a thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the walls of the arteries.
Arteriosclerosis
An injury caused by heat which produces redness of the skin.
First Degree Burn (Hyperemia)
Agent that has the ability to inhibit or retard bacterial growth. No destruction of viability of the microorganism is implied.
Bacteriostatic Agent
Condition in which interstitial spaces contain such excessive amounts of fluid that skin remains depressed after palpation.
Pitting Edema
A solution-like system in which the size of the solute particle is between 1 and 100 nanometers. Particles of solute pass through filters but not membranes.
Colloid
A microorganism that prefers an environment devoid of oxygen but has adapted so that it can live and grow in the presence of oxygen.
Facultative Aerobe
Substance able to destroy lice.
Pediculicide
Fluid injected for purposes other than preservation and disinfection.
Supplemental Fluid
Microorganisms (Colon bacillus) found normally in the colon.
Coliform Organisms
Chemical agents capable of destroying, and/or inhibiting the growth of saprophytic or pathogenic fungi, including molds.
Fungicide
Antemortem injuries resulting from friction of the skin against a firm object resulting in the removal of the epidermis.
Abrasion
Destructive to bacteria.
Bactericidal Agent
Organelle that exists within the cell, but separate from the cell; contains hydrolytic enzymes that break down proteins and certain carbohydrates.
Lysosomes
The substance on which an enzyme acts.
Substrate
Necrotic tissue that is wet as a result of inadequate venous drainage; may be accompanied by bacterial infection.
Wet Gangrene (Moist Gangrene)
Deviation from the normal.
Anomaly
A foreign substance that stimulates the formation of antibodies that react specifically with it.
Antigen
Inner lining of the eye that receives the images formed by the lens and transmits those images to the brain through the optic nerve.
Retina
Absorption of the fluid portion of blood by the tissues after death resulting in postmortem edema.
Imbibition
A protein found in blood plasma.
Albumin
Any one of a group of nitrogenous organic compounds formed by the action of putrefactive bacteria on proteins; indole, skatole, cadaverine, and putrescine.
Ptomaine
A form of arteriosclerosis marked by the deposition of lipids in the inner layer of arterial walls.
Atherosclerosis
A blood clot which contains all the blood elements with red and white blood cells separated into distinct layers.
Chicken Fat Clot
The breaking down part of postmortem caloricity.
Canabolism
Organic compound found in plants and animals, can be broken down into amino acids.
Protein
Fluid in the supporting connective tissues surrounding body cells (about one fifth of the body weight).
Interstitial Fluid
An abscess or pyogenic infection of a sweat gland or hair follicle.
Furuncle (Boil)
Discharge of red blood cells in the urine.
Hematuria
Any change in structure produced during the course of disease or injury.
Lesion
A condition which occurs in dead bodies when exposed to temperatures near or below the freezing point, thus causing the tissues to become firm and rigid.
Cold Stiffening
The true metabolic enzymes of bacterium, produced within the bacterial cell wall.
Endoenzymes
Tissue that circulates through the vascular system and is composed of approximately 22% solids and 78% water.
Blood
The act of making tissue rigid. The solidification of a compound.
Fixation
Substances which increase the activity of enzymes.
Co-enzymes (Accelerators)
In its broadest sense, refers to the moistening, and softening, of any tissue decomposing in a liquid medium.
Maceration
Assimilation of gas, vapor, or dissolved matter by the surface of a solid or liquid.
Adsorption
Destruction of cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues; seared, charred.
Third Degree Burns
Injection of very strong arterial fluid (often waterless) under relatively high pressure into the head and face through both common carotid arteries to effect preservation and disinfection while minimizing swelling.
Instant Tissue Fixation (“Head Freeze”)
Pathogenic state, resulting from the presence of microorganisms or their products in the blood or other tissues.
Sepsis
The arm pit.
Base of the Axillary Space
Removal of particles (liquid or solid) from a solution, as it passes through a membrane or other partial barrier.
Filtration
Dye that helps to cover internal discolorations such as jaundice.
Counter Staining Compound
Total evacuation (absence) of tissue.
Fourth Degree Burn
The enlargement of an organ or part due to the increase in size of the cells composing it.
Hypertrophy
Abnormal accumulation of fluids in tissue or body cavities.
Edema (Dropsy)
Formation of new channels in a tissue.
Canalization
An organic compound containing one or more hydroxyl group (-OH). The general formula or a monohydroxyl is R-OH, where R os a hydrocarbon group.
Alcohol
Condition characterized by the multiplication of bacteria in blood.
Septicemia
Separation of substances in solution by the difference of their rates of diffusion through a semipermeable membrane.
Dialysis (Selective Diffusion)
A wasting, decrease in size of an organ or tissue.
Atrophy
An injury caused by a blow without laceration.
Bruise (Ecchymosis, Contusion, Suggulation)
Drawing together, or a contraction, of gels which results in the giving off of water.
Syneresis
An evaluation of exposures that are time-weighted over an established period. It allows the exposure levels to be averaged generally over an eight-hour time period.
Time Weighted Average (TWA)
A liquid holding another substance in solution.
Solvent
To cut or tear into irregular segments.
Lacerate
Separation of compounds into simpler substances by action of microbial and/or autolytic enzymes.
Decomposition
Method by which solutes and/or solvents cross through a membrane with no energy provided by the cells of the membrane. In embalming, examples include pressure filtration, dialysis, diffusion, and osmosis.
Passive Transport System
Condition that results when the body part that dies had little blood and remains aseptic and occurs when the arteries but not the veins are obstructed.
Dry Gangrene (Ischemic Necrosis)
The substance that is dissolved in a solution.
Solute
The maximum legal limits established by OSHA for regulated substances. These are based on employee exposure that are time-weighted over an eight-hour work shift. When these limits are exceeded, employers must take proper steps to reduce employee exposure for formaldehyde. The level for formaldehyde is .75ppm.
Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
Relaxation phase of the heart action, or beat.
Diastole
Chemical in powder form that has the ability to absorb and to disinfect. Often used in cavity treatment of autopsied cases.
Hardening Compound
Postmortem accumulation of gas in tissues or cavities brought about by an anaerobic gas forming bacillus- Clostridium perfringens.
Tissue Gas
A chemical which lightens or blanches skin discoloration.
Bleach
Resins combined with oil, a fragrant, resinous, oily exudate from various trees and plants.
Balsamic Substance
Wound characterized by irregular tearing of tissue.
Laceration
A localized accumulation of pus.
Abscess
Blood in sputum.
Hemoptysis
The non protein portion of hemoglobin; the red pigment of the hemoglobin.
Heme
The white portion of the eye.
Sclera
Dimethylketone; a colorless liquid which is used to soften and remove scabs; a solvent for restorative wax, or a stain remover.
Acetone
The movement of the arterial solution from the point of injection through the blood vascular system.
Distribution Fluid
Soft, whitish, crumbly or greasy material that forms upon the postmortem hydrolysis and hydrogenation of body fats.
Adipocere (Grave Wax)
Passage of embalming solution through the capillary wall to diffuse with the interstitial fluids by application of positive intravascular pressure. Embalming solution passes from an intravascular to an extravascular position.
Pressure Filtration
Characteristic pus-filled structure of a disease, such as smallpox, syphilis, and acne.
Pustular Lesion
Distention of the pelvis and calyces of one or both kidneys with urine as a result of obstruction.
Hydronephrosis
Discolorations resulting from changes in blood composition, content, or location, either intravascularly or extravascularly.
Blood Discoloration
A vascular incision made at 90 degrees to the long axis of the vessel.
Transverse Incision
Those levels are established to ensure adequate protection of employees and exposures below OSHA limits, but it minimize the compliance burdens for employers whose employees have exposures below the 8 hour permissible exposure limit (PEL). The level for formaldehyde is .50ppm.
Action Level (AL-Exposure Limits)
Enzymes which function outside of the bacterial cell wall.
Exoenzymes
Bluish discoloration of the skin or mucous membrane due to lack of oxygen.
Cyanosis
Fluid or cellular debris exuding from blood vessels and deposited in tissues or tissue surfaces; usually a result of inflammation.
Exudate
A chemical which lightens skin discoloration.
Bleaching Agent
Intravascular; the increase of viscosity of blood brought about by the clumping of particulate formed elements in the blood vessels which is a specific type of congealing.
Agglutination
An antiseptic/disinfectant employed to dry moist tissues and to bleach.
Carbolic Acid (Phenol)
The building part of postmortem caloricity.
Anabolism
Contraction phase of the heart action, or beat.
Systole
Bacterial inhabitants of the colon.
Coli-flora
