vitamins

Question 1

are organic molecules essential in small amounts for various physiological functions such as growth, body development, and reproduction.

Answer 1

Vitamins

Question 2

The term “vitamin” comes from “vital amine” and refers

Answer 2

to compounds involved in metabolism.

Question 3

What is the role of vitamins in the body?

Answer 3

Do not provide energy like macronutrients.
Function as catalysts in energy-producing reactions.
Make fats more fluid or decrease their melting point when there is an increased amount.

Question 4

What are the two types of vitamins?

Answer 4

Water-Soluble Vitamins
Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Question 5

What are the characteristics of water-soluble vitamins?

Answer 5

Dissolve in water
Easily absorbed and excreted
Not stored extensively in tissues
Seldom reach toxic levels

Question 6

What is the function and source of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)?

Answer 6

Function: Helps convert glucose into energy.
Sources: Seeds, Nuts, Yeast, Pork
If lack: Brain, Heart, and Nerve Damage

Question 7

What is the function and source of Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)?

Answer 7

Function: Helps with energy production, vision, and skin health.
Sources: Milk, Yogurt, Egg White, Meat
If lack: Sore Throat, Hair Loss, and Anemia

Question 8

What is the function and source of Vitamin B3 (Niacin)?

Answer 8

Function: Converts carbohydrates, fat, and alcohol into energy.
Sources: Fish, Eggs, Mushrooms
If lack: Pellagra (can affect the whole body and lead to death)

Question 9

What is the function and source of Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)?

Answer 9

Function: Helps convert food into energy and supports red blood cell production.
Sources: Liver, Kidneys, Peanuts
If lack: Insomnia and Depression

Question 10

What is the function and source of Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)?

Answer 10

Function: Helps metabolize amino acids and make hemoglobin.
Sources: Leafy Vegetables, Fruits, Nuts
If lack: Fatigue and Skin Rashes

Question 11

What is the function and source of Vitamin B7 (Biotin)?

Answer 11

Function: Helps with the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.
Sources: Cauliflower, Yeast, Mushrooms
If lack: Thinning Hair and Scaly Rash

Question 12

What is the function and source of Vitamin B9 (Folic Acid)?

Answer 12

Function: Essential for DNA synthesis and red blood cell production.
Sources: Cereals, Eggs, Citrus Fruits
If lack: Memory Loss, Mouth Ulcers, and Pale Skin

Question 13

What is the function and source of Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)?

Answer 13

Function: Helps with energy production, cell metabolism, and DNA synthesis.
Sources: Cheese, Meat, Milk
If lack: Weak Muscles and Nausea

Question 14

What is the function and source of Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)?

Answer 14

Function: Improves disease resistance and production.
Sources: Guava, Mango, Papaya
If lack: Scurvy (fatigue, bleeding gums, poor wound healing)

Question 15

What are the characteristics of fat-soluble vitamins?

Answer 15

Dissolve in lipids
Require bile for absorption
Stored in tissues
May be toxic in excess

Question 16

What is the function and source of Vitamin A (Retinol)?

Answer 16

Function: Supports night vision, bone formation, and resorption.
Sources: Sweet Potato, Carrots
If lack: Vision Loss and Blindness

Question 17

What is the function and source of Vitamin D (Calciferol)?

Answer 17

Function: Aids bone, muscle, and nerve function; regulates calcium and phosphorus absorption.
Sources: Fish, Eggs
If lack: Bone Pain and High Blood Pressure

Question 18

What is the function and source of Vitamin E (Tocopherol)?

Answer 18

Function: Antioxidant that protects cell membranes.
Sources: Seeds, Nuts, Avocado
If lack: Nerve and Muscle Damage

Question 19

What is the function and source of Vitamin K (Phylloquinone)?

Answer 19

Function: Helps with blood clotting and metabolism.
Sources: Leafy Greens, Fruits
If lack: Excessive Bleeding and Poor Bone Development