*vitamins Flashcards
what vitamins are water soluble
B-complex and vitamin C
what are traits of water soluble vitamins
can be dissolved in water, easily excreted in urine, can’t be stored by the body over long periods of time
what happens when water soluble vitamins are megadosed
renal insufficiency
what are traits of fat soluble vitamins
stored in the liver and fatty tissues, excreted in the feces, can be toxic when consumed in excess
what vitamins are fat soluble vitamins
A, D, E and K
only when will fat soluble vitamins become deficient
prolonged deprivation from adequate supply, or disorders that prevent absorption
how many times the daily dose is nutrient megadosing
10x
what is the definition of hypervitaminosis
toxic accumulation of a vitamin
what is used for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia
vitamin B3 or nicotinic acid
what are food sources of vitamin A
liver, fish, dairy, egg yolk, dark leafy vegetables, yellow/orange vegetables and fruits
what is the drug name for vitamin A
retinol
what is vitamin A needed for in the body
growth of bones and teeth, night and normal vision, reproduction
what people need a dietary supplement of vitamin A
infants, pregnant women, nursing women
how is vitamin D synthesized
in the skin
what is vitamin D responsible for in the body
utilization of calcium and phosphorus
what is the drug name for vitamin D2
ergocalciferol
which type of vitamin D is found in plants and which type is produced by the skin
vit d2 is from plants, vit d3 is from the skin
what is the drug name for vitamin D3
cholecalciferol
what foods contain vitamin D2
fish liver oils, salt water fish, milk, breads, cereal, animal livers, tuna fish, eggs butter
what foods contain vitamin E
fruits, grains, fortified cereals, vegetable oils, wheat, nuts, eggs, chicken, meats, fish
what is vitamin E used for in the body
believed to be an antioxidant, may help with cancer because it protects the cells from free radicals
what vitamin is given to babies as soon as they are born
vitamin K
what type of vitamins are phytonadione, menaquinone, menadione
vitamin K 1,2 and 3
food sources of vitamin K 1
green leafy vegtables, cheese, soybeans
what is vitamin K used for in the body
blood coagulation factors in the liver
which vitamin reverses the effects of warfarin
vitamin K
what vitamin is thiamine
B1
what vitamin is riboflavin
B2
what vitamin is niacin
B3
what vitamin is pantothenic acid
B5
what vitamin is pyridoxine
B6
what vitamin is folic acid
B9
what vitamin is cyanocobalamin
B12
what vitamin is ascorbic acid
vitamin C
what is vitamin B1 good for in the body
carbohydrate metabolism and metabolic pathways, nervous system CV system and GI tract
what vitamin deficiency is present with alcoholism
vitamin B1 (thiamine), vitamin B2, vitamin B6
what are food sources of vitamin B2
green leafy vegetables, eggs, dairy, nuts, meats, liver, yeast
what vitamin is required to activate vitamin B6
vitamin B2
what are food sources of vitamin B3
beans, turkey, liver, yeast, peanuts
what is vitamin B3 (niacin) converted to once ingested
nicotinamide
what are food sources of vitamin B6
whole grains, yeast, fish, organ meats, eggs, nuts, vegetables, bananas
what are food sources of vitamin B12
live, kidney, fish, milk, eggs, blue cheese, fortified cereals
which vitamin B is used for the treatment of pernicious anemia
vitamin B12 cyanocobalamin
what are food sources of vitamin C
citrus, strawberries, tomatoes, potatoes, green vegetables
what vitamin enhances absorption of iron
vitamin C ascorbic acid
what disease is caused by prolonged vitamin C deficiency
survey
