diuretics Flashcards
types of diuretic drugs
carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
loop diuretics
osmotic diuretics
potassium-sparing diuretics
thiazide and thiazide like diuretics
carbonic anhydrase inhibitors drug name
acetazolamide
what is acetazolamide always used for
glaucoma
what does acetazolamide do in the body
reabsorption of water is decreased and urine volume is increased
what does acetazolamide treat
edema, secondary to HF
high altitude sickness
epilepsy
main adverse effects for acetazolamide
hyponatremia
hypokalemia
what drugs cause digoxin toxicity
acetazolamide
loop diuretics drug name
furosemide
what furosemide does to the body
dilation of blood vessels and reduced kidney, pulmonary and systemic vascular resistance
what diuretic has the fastest onset and how long does it last
furosemide, lasts at least two hours
what drug poses ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity when given too fast
furosemide
osmotic diuretic drug name
mannitol
what is the main purpose of mannitol
reduce intracranial pressure or cerebral deem associated with head trauma
how is mannitol administered (route and type of needle)
IV only with a filter
what happens when mannitol temperature gets too low
it may crystallize
potassium-sparing diuretic drug name
spironolactone
what does spironolactone do to the body
blocks reabsorption of sodium and water usually induced by aldosterone secretion
what do the protective cardiac properties do from spironolactone
prevents remodelling of arteries after midocaridal infraction
what is the only drug you can use with hypokalemia
spironolactone
what drug class prevents diuresis
NSAIDs
thiazide and thiazide like diuretics drug name
hydrochlorothiazide
what does hydrochlorothiazide do to the body
results in osmotic water loss by the dialation of the arterioles by direct relaxation which decreases preload and after load
what is hydrochlorothiazide used for
for edema associated with kidney failure
what is the most prescribed drug for hypertension
hydrochlorothiazide
what drug has the ceiling effect
hydrochlorothiazide