*heart failure drugs Flashcards
what is inotropic
heart contraction
what is chronotropic
heart rate
what is dromotropic
speed of electrical impulse
what are the symptoms of left sided heart failure
pulmonary edna, coughing, SOB, dyspnea, systolic= decreased contractility, diastolic= unable to relax
what are the symptoms of right sided heart failure
systemic venous congestion, pedal edema, JVD, ascites, hepatic congestion
consequences of HF
blood supply to organs reduced, impaired kidney filtration leads to kidney injury/failure, pulmonary edema leads to SOB and peripheral edema
what do positive inotropic drugs do
increase force of contraction
what do positive chronotropic drugs do
increase HR
what do positive dromotropic drugs do
accelerate cardiac conduction
what do negative inotropic drugs do
decrease force of contration
what to negative chronotropic drugs do
decrease HR
what do negative dromotropic drugs do
decrease cardiac conduction
what are the drugs of choice for HF
lisinopril, valsartan and metoprolol
when is digoxin used in regards to other medications
after the drugs of choice for heart failure are used
what positive inotropic drug is used for early treatment of HF
dobutamine
what drug class is lisinopril
ACE inhibitor
what drugs prevents cardiac moddeling
lisinopril
what drug class is valsartan
ARBs
what drug class is metoprolol
beta blocker
which class causes diuresis which decreases blood volume and blood return to heart
ACE inhibitor
what class causes vasodilatation that decreases systemic vascular resistance
ARBs
which two classes are effective in slowing ventricular remodelling and hypertrophy
ACE and ARBs
which drug class stop catecholamine mediated actions on the heart
beta blockers
miscellaneous drug that treats HF
dobutamine
phosphodiesterase inhibitors MOA
inhibits the enzyme phosphodiesterase to have a positive inotropic effect
what drug class is milrinone
phosphodiesterase inhibitors
what duration of time is milrinone not supposed to be used for
long term use
what cannot be administered IV with milrinone
furosemide
what is the prototype of cardiac glycosides
digoxin
what is the MOA of cardiac glycosides
increase myocardial contractility by changing the electrical conduction properties of the heart
what type of effect does digoxin have on the heart (one of the three effects)
positive inotropic effect
what indicates digoxin toxicity
most adverse effects signs and symptoms
what is digoxin immune fab therapy used for
hyperkalemia, cardiac dysthymias and digoxin overdose
what food in large amounts negatively effects the absorption of oral digoxin
bran
what reduces digoxin levels
ginseng, hawthorn and st johns wort
