Viruses and Diseases Flashcards
What is Canine Distemper (CDV)?
- A polysystematic viral disease that affects the CNS, respiratory tract, GIT and urinary tract
- In dogs
What is the transmission route for Canine Distemper (CDV)?
- Direct contact
- Ingestion
- Aerosol
What are the clinical signs of Canine Distemper (CDV)?
- Pyrexia
- Nasal discharge
- Coughing
- Vomiting
- Diarrhoea
- Tremors
What is the incubation period for Canine Distemper (CDV)?
7-21 days
What is the diagnosis for Canine Distemper (CDV)?
- Haemotology blood sample
- Radiographs of thorax
- PCR tests
- ELISA assays
What is the treatment for Canine Distemper (CDV)?
- Antibiotics
- Restore fluid/electrolyte infection
- Antiemetics
- Anticonvulsants
- Isolation
How is Canine Distemper (CDV) prevented?
Vaccination
What is Canine Parvovirus (CPV)?
- A viral disease caused by CPV-1 or CPV-2, which destroys RBC’s leading to anaemia and panleucopaenia, myocarditis, and affects GIT causing GI ulceration
- In dogs
What are the clinical signs for Canine Parvovirus (CPV)?
- Haemorrhagic diarrhoea
- Depression
- Vomiting
- Anorexia
What is the transmission route for Canine Parvovirus (CPV)?
- Spread via faeces and vomit
- Oral ingestion
What is the incubation period for Canine Parvovirus (CPV)?
4-7 days
What is the diagnosis for Canine Parvovirus (CPV)?
- Through history
- Clinical signs
- ELISA test (faecal antigen)
What is the treatment for Canine Parvovirus (CPV)?
- Isolation
- Rehydration
- Antibiotics
How is Canine Parvovirus (CPV) prevented?
- Vaccination
What is Infectious Canine Hepatitis?
- A viral disease caused by Canine adenoviris (CAV-1), which causes an acute liver infection in dogs
What is the transmission route for Infectious Canine Heptatisis?
Spread through urine, faeces and saliva
What is the incubation period for Infectious Canine Hepatitis?
Up to 9 days
What are the clinical signs for Infectious Canine Hepatitis?
- Anorexia
- Pyrexia
- Vomiting
- Diarrhoea
- Polydipsia
- Conjunctivitis
- Jaundice
What is the diagnosis for Infectious Canine Hepatitis?
- Elevated liver enzymes and bile salts
- ELISA and PCR testing
What is the treatment for Infectious Canine Hepatitis?
- Symptomatic including fluids
- Antibiotics
- Antiemetics
How is Infectious Canine Hepatitis prevented?
Vaccination
What is Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitits (Kennel Cough)?
- An viral disease caused CAV-2, CDV virus, Canine influenza, canine herpes and bordetella, which causes Kennel Cough.
- In dogs
What is Feline Upper Respiratory Tract Disease (FURTD) also known as?
- Feline infectious rhinotracheitis
- Feline Calici Virus (Cat Flu)
What is the incubation period for Feline Herpes Virus (FHV)?
2-12 days
What are the clinical signs for Feline Herpes Virus (FHV)?
- Sneezing
- Conjunctivitis
- Fever
- Depression
- Anorexia
- Corneal ulcers
What are the clinical signs for Feline Calcili Virus (Cat Flu)?
- Serous ocular discharge
- Mild conjunctivitis
- Oral ulcers with increased salivation
- Pneumonia
- Acute arthritis
- Diarrhoea
Apart from Feline calici virus (FCV), what can cause cat flu?
- Bordetella
- Pasteurella
- E. coli
- Chlamydia
- Mycoplasma
What is the transmission route for Cat flu?
- Aerosol droplets
- Saliva
- Ocular discharge
What is the treatment for Cat flu?
- Isolation
- IVFT
- Antibiotics
- Decongestants
- Oxygen therapy
- Anti-inflammatories
- Analgesia
How is cat flu prevented?
Vaccination
What is feline parvovirus?
Similar to canine parvovirus but in cats
What is Feline Leukaemia Virus (FeLV)?
A retro virus
What is the transmission route for Feline Leukaemia Virus (FeLV)?
- Direct and indirect contact, saliva, grooming, bite wounds or vertical (mother to offspring)
What are the clinical signs for Feline Leukaemia Virus (FeLV)?
- Asymptomatic
- Immunosuppressive signs
- Reproductive problems
- Develop lymphoma and other cancers
What is the diagnosis for Feline Leukaemia Virus (FeLV)?
ELISA test
What is the treatment for Feline Leukaemia Virus (FeLV)?
- Isolation
- No cure
How is Feline Leukaemia Virus (FeLV) prevented?
Vaccination
What is feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)?
- A retro virus which infects white blood cells
What is the transmission route for Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)?
Saliva spread via bites and grooming
What is the treatment for Fleine immunodeficiency virus (FIV)?
No cure
What is feline infectious peritonitis (FIP)?
A viral disease caused by feline coronavirus (FeCoV), which attacks the immune system by infecting macrophages
What is the transmission route for Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP)?
Faeces, urine and saliva
What are the clinical signs for Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) as wet form?
- Ascites
- Pleural effusion
- Anorexia
- Depression
- Weight loss
- Dehydration
What are the clinical signs for feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) as dry form?
- Fever
- Anorexia
- Depression
- Ocular lesions
- Neurological signs
What is myxomatosis?
A pox virus in rabbits
What is the transmission route of myxomatosis?
- Biting by mosquitoes, flies, fleas and direct contact
What are the clinical signs for myxomatosis?
- Conjunctivitis
- Anorexia
- Fever
- Depression
- Nasal discharge
What is the diagnosis for myxoamtosis?
- Clinical appearance
- PCR testing
What is the treatment for myxomatosis?
- Supportive treatment
How is myxomatosis prevented?
Vaccination
What is Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV)?
- A calcivirus
- Two forms: RHDV 1 and RHDV 2
What is the transmission route for Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV)?
- Aerosol and indirect contact
What is the incubation period for Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease (RHDV)?
24-72 hours
What are the clinical signs for Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV)?
- Dysponoea
- Tachycardia
- Abdominal Respiration
- Convulsions
- Mania
What is the diagnosis for Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV)?
Clinical signs of respiratory distress
How is Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) prevented?
- Isolation
- Vaccination
Describe peracute RHDV
Dead within a few hours of eating behaving normally
Describe acute RHDV
Lethargy, pyrexia, increased RR, pale, hypotensive and collapse
Describe subacute RHDV
- Mild signs and recover, which develops immunity
