Vaccination Flashcards
What is vaccination?
Provides adaptive immunity, which results in antibody production
What are the different types of vaccination?
- Passive
- Active
What is passive immunisation?
- Vaccines that contain antibodies against a pathogen or toxin
- Antisera or antitoxins
- E.g., Tetanus antitoxin
What is active immunisation?
- Vaccination that contains the pathogen’s antigen, which stimulates an immune response
What are the different types of vaccines?
- Attenuated (live) vaccines
- Inactivated (killed) vaccines
- Subunit, recombinant and vector
What are attenuated (live) vaccines?
A vaccine which contains the weakened pathogen’s antigens and creates an immune response
What are inactivated (killed) vaccines?
A vaccine that contains the inactivated or killed pathogen, which creates an immune response
What are subunit, recombinant and vector vaccines?
Vaccines that contain a small fragment of the pathogen that contain the necessary antigens as well as an adjuvant to create the immune response
List adverse vaccine side effects
- Lethargy
- Soreness and swelling
- Dyspnoea
- Seizures
- Vomiting
- Anaphylaxis
What are toxoids?
- Vaccines that contain inactivated pathogen toxins, which stimulate active immunity
What is an adjuvant?
Toxins designed to damage tissue; used to enhance performance of subunit vaccines
What are the administration routes for vaccines?
- Subcutaneous
- Nasal
How do you check if a vaccine has worked or when to vaccinate
Serology testing, to check antibody levels in the body
What are primary vaccinations?
Initial administration of vaccines that establishes immunity; maternally derived antibodies can interfere with the vaccines
When do puppies receive their first vaccination?
No younger than 7 weeks and then dose is repeated 2-3 weeks after
