Non-pathogenic Disorders Flashcards
What is an immune mediated disease?
- Immune system failure, as body begins to attack self cells
What are the different types of immune reactions?
- Anaphylaxis (Type I)
- Cytotoxic (Type II)
- Immune complex (Type III)
- Delayed type (Type IV)
What is anaphylaxis (Type I) reaction?
- Exaggerated immune response, which causes swelling and can be life-threatening
What is cytotoxic (Type II) reaction?
Antibodies attach to self cell antigens, which destroys them
What is immune complexes (Type III) reaction?
Occurs when there is excess of soluble antigens that bind to antibodies that form complexes
What is delayed (Type IV) reaction?
A reaction that takes several days to develop after exposure to the antigen
Name allergic skin diseases
- Flea allergic dermatitis (FAD)
- Atopic dermatitis (AD)
- Allergic and irritant contact dermatitis
Name allergic gastrointestinal diseases
- Adverse reaction to food or intolerance
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
How are allergies diagnosed?
- Blood samples sent for screening
- Intradermal skin tent
- Food elimination trial
How are allergies treated?
- Immunotherapy
- Hypoallergenic diets
- Atopica (Apoquel) and steroids (Antihistamines)
- Supplements (Yumega)
- Topical (shampoos, creams and sprays
What is immune medaited haemolytic anaemia (IMHA)?
- Immune system’s antibodies stick to RBC’s, which make them look like non-self cells, so the RBC’s are destroyed
What are the clinical signs of immune mediated haemolytic anaemia (IMHA)?
- Splenomegaly
- Jaundice
- Weakness
- Lethargy
- Tachycardia and tachypnoea
- Pale mucous membranes
- Vomiting
- Fever
How is immune mediated haemolytic anaemia (IMHA)?
- Clinical signs
- Haemotology
- Biochemistry
- Diagnostic imaging
How is immune mediated haemolytic treatment?
- Supportive
- Blood transfusion
- Corticosteroids (Suppress immuen system)
- Treat underlying cause
What is a graft/transfusion rejection?
- Immune system reject the graft/transfusion, as it is seen as non-self
