Exoparasites and Diseases Flashcards
How are insects classified and give examples?
- Six legs
- Includes fleas, lice and flies
What are Ctenocephalides spp.?
- Fleas
- Zoonotic
What are fleas vectors for?
- Typhus (bacteria)
- Myxomatosis (virus)
- Tapeworm (Helminth)
What are the clinical signs of fleas?
- Pruritis
- Anaemia
- Bald patches/hot spots
- Flea allergy dermatitis (FAD)
- Hypersensitivity
What is the diagnosis for fleas?
- Coat brushing (microscope may see eggs)
- Wet paper test: faeces should stain red when on paper
What is a felico subrostratus?
Biting louse of a cat
What is a trichodectes canis?
Biting louse of a dog
What is a linognathus setosus?
Sucking louse of a dog
How are sucking lice characterised?
Sharp pointed head
How are biting lice characterised?
Wide head
What are the clinical signs of lice?
- Mild irritation
- Hair loss
- Widespread infestation
What can flies cause in rabbits?
Myiasis, which is also known as fly strike
How are arachnids classified and give examples?
- 8 legs
- Includes mites and ticks
What are the different types of mites and how are they characterised?
- Burrowing: short stubby legs
- Crawling: long legs
What are the clinical signs of mites?
- Dermatitis
- Pruritis
- Inflammation
What can mites cause?
- Demodectic and sarcoptic mange
What is demodex?
- Normal skin commensals; burrowing mites
Disease occurs, when numbers multiply
What are the clinical signs of demodex?
- Head lesions
- Alopecia
- Scales and crusting
- Inflammation
What is the diagnosis for demodex?
- Skin scrapes for microscopy
- Hair plucks, as mites line the hair shaft
- Histology
What is the treatment for Demodex?
- Amitraz (Aludex): dips
- Doramectin (Dectomax): Subcutaenous injection
- Invermectin: Injection
What is aarocoptes scabei mange?
- Scabies caused by mites
- From history of fox exposure or infected animals
What is notoedric mange?
- Pruritis disease caused notodres cati mite
- In cats
What are the clinical signs of notoedric mange
- Alopecia
- Scales and crusting, which can becoem thick and yellow/grey in colour
How is sarcoptes diagnosed?
- Deep skin scrapes for microscopy
- Histology
- Serology
How is Sarcoptes treated?
- Advocate
- Aludex baths (Amitraz)
- Ivermectin
- Doremectin (Decotmax)
- Pain Relief
Name 3 differences between demodex and sarcoptes mange
- Demodectic move around less than sarcoptic
- Sarcoptic mange is zoonotic whereas demodectic isnt
- Demodectic mites are long and sarcoptic mites are short and stubby
What are otodectes cynotis?
- Ear mites
- Diagnose with otoscope
- Ear drops to drown them
What are psoroptes cuniculi?
- Common mite in rabbits
What are ticks?
Small arachnids that feed on blood of their host and can transmit zoonotic disease such as Lyme disease and Babesiosis
How are ticks diagnosed?
- Can be seen with the naked eye
What is Lyme disease?
Zoonotic Infectious disease caused by borrelia bacteria
What are the clinical signs of lyme disease?
- Fever
- Headache
- Tiredness
- Joint pain
- Stiffness
- Heart palpitations
What is babesiosis?
- A malaria-like disease caused by babesia infection
What are the clinical signs for babesiosis?
- Fatigue
- General discomfort
- Muscular pain
- Headaches
- Anorexia
- Depression
What are Rhipicephalus Sanguineus?
- Brown dog tick (kennel tick)
