Renal Disorders Flashcards
1
Q
What are the clinical signs of acute renal failure?
A
- Anorexia
- Depression
- Vomiting
- Dehydration
- Polydipsia
- Anuria
- Oliguria
- Polyuria
- Halitosis
2
Q
What are the causes of chronic renal failure (CRF)?
A
- Progression of acute renal failure
- Glomerulonephritis
- Pyelonephritis
- Interstitial nephritis
- Polycystic kidnet disease
- Neoplasia
- Idiopathic
3
Q
What are the clinical signs of chronic clinical signs?
A
- Inappetence
- Anorexia
- Lethargy
- Diarrhoea
- Pale mucous membranes
- Polydipsia
- Polyuria
- Oral ulceration
4
Q
What are the stages of chronic renal failure (CRF) and the % of normal kidney function at the stage?
A
- Normal (90% ore more)
- Mild (60-89%)
- Moderate (30-59%)
- Severe (15-29%)
- Failure (Less than 15%)
5
Q
What is nephrotic syndrome?
A
When too much protein is excreted in the urine due to a kidney disorder
6
Q
How can renal failure be diagnosed?
A
- Blood tests (haemotology and biocehmistry)
- Urinalysis
- Abdominal radiographs
- Ultrasounds
- Biopsy
7
Q
How is renal failure treated?
A
- IVFT
- Antibiotics
- Antiemetics
- B vitamins
- Anabolic steroids
- Erythpoietin (hormone to increase RBC)
8
Q
What is cystitis?
A
Inflammation of the bladder
9
Q
What are the causes of cystitis?
A
- Trauma
- Bacterial infection
- Urinary crystals/calculi
- Obstruction
10
Q
What are the clinical signs of cystitis?
A
- Pollakiuria
- Tenesmus
- Haematuria
- Incontinence
- Dysuria
- Polydipsia
11
Q
What are the causes of urinary incontinence?
A
- Urethral sphincter mechanism incontinence
- Neoplasia
- Neurological disease
- Cystitis
12
Q
What are the clinical signs of urinary incontinence?
A
- Urine leakage
- Urine scalding
- Soiled coat
13
Q
What is urolithiasis?
A
Bladder stones/crystals
14
Q
What are causes of urolithiasis?
A
- Infection
- High dietary intake of minerals
- Genetics
15
Q
What are different types of calculi?
A
- Struvite
- Calcium oxalate
- Urate
- Cystine
