Viruses and AntiVirals Flashcards
killed vaccines
Rabies, influenza (injected), salk polio, HAV
the only ssDNA virus
Parvo
DNA viruses
HHAPPPPy: Hepadna, Herpes, adeno, pox, parvo, papilloma, polyoma
DNA viruses replicate where (and exception)
in nucleus except poxvirus (DNA-dep RNA pol)
only dsRNA virus
reovirus
RNA viruses
I went a RETRO TOGA party to drink FLAVored CORONA and ate HEPE (hippy) CALIfornia (calicivirus) PICORA (picorna)
ploidy of viruses
all are haploid except retroviruses (diploid)
Non-enveloped viruses
Hepe CPR (RNA), PAPP (DNA)
Calcivirus, Parvo, Reo
Papilloma, Adeno, Picorna, Polyoma
HSV1
#1 cause of encephalitis (temporal lobe), oral/facial, keratoconjunctivitis, latent in trigeminal not STD, saliva
HSV2
genital herpes, neonatal, latant in sacral ganglia
VZV
HHV3: shingles/chickenpox, also encephalitis and pneumonia. latant in dorsal root or trigem ganglia
EBV
HHV4: mononucleosis (kissing), Burkitt’s/Hodgkins lymphoma, nasopharyengocarcinoma, infects B cells, pharyngitis, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical T cells on smear, monospot test
CMV
HHV5: babies, monospot negative mononucleosis, retinitis (sight-o megalovirus), owls eyes inclusions, latent in mononuclear cels
HHV6
Roseola: high fever, seizures followed by diffuse macular rash
HHV8
Kaposi sarcoma seen in HIV. purple papules on skin and oral mucosa
Adenoviruses cause
DNA virus: pink eye (conjunctivitis), pneumonia, pharyngitis
Parvovirus
DNA virus
B19: aplastic crisis in sickle cell, fifth disease (slapped cheeks erythema), Rheumatoid arthritis, RBC destruction in fetus to cause hydrops fetalis
Polyomaviruses
DNA
JC: PML in AIDS
BK: kidney in transplant patients
Poxviruses
DNA Virus:
Smallpox
Vaccinia (cowpox)
Molluscum contagiosum (flesh dome)
Genetic material of Herpes HHV/HSV
DNA
live vaccines
smallpox, YFV, chicken pox, Sabin polio, MMR, Influ
zanamivir, oseltamivir
inhibits influenza neuraminidase decreasing release of progeny
ribavirin mech and use
inhibits guanine nucleotide synthesis by blocking IMP dehydrogenase. RSV and chronic hepatitis C
acyclovir mech and use
Monosphorylated by HSV/VZV thymidine kinase, viral DNA chain termination. Herpes viruses HSV1/2 and VZV. Weakly EBV, no activity with CMV. used for controling lesions and encephalopathy and prophalaxis
Ganciclovir mech and use
5’ Monophosphate formed by CMV kinase, Guanosine analog. used in CMV immunocompromized.
Foscarnet
viral DNA pol inhibitor/binds pyrophosphate site (no need for viral activation). used in CMV and HSV which have resistance since it doesn’t need viral kinase. Pyrophosphate analog .
Cidofovir
inhibits viral DNA pol, doesn’t need viral kinase
