Autonomic Drugs

Question 1

Vesamicol mech

Answer 1

blocks ACh packaging into vesicles

Question 2

Bethanechol: type, effect, uses

Answer 2

Acetylcholine direct agonist, activates bowel and bladder (resistant to esterase), post operative ileus/urine retention

Question 3

Carbachol: type, effect, uses

Answer 3

direct ACh agonist, exact mimic of ACh, glaucoma, pupillary contraction, relief of high IOP

Question 4

Pilocarpine: type, effect, uses

Answer 4

ACh direct agonist, stimulates sweat/tears/saliva, used in glaucoma

Question 5

Methacholine: type, effect, uses

Answer 5

direct ACh agonist, stims muscarinic rec in airway, test for asthma

Question 6

Neostigmine: type, effect, uses

Answer 6

anticholinesterase, no CNS, post op/neuro ilius and urinary retention, Myasthenia gravis, reversal of NMJ blockade

Question 7

pyridostigmine: type, effect, uses

Answer 7

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, just better neostimine that last longer, Myasthenia gravis, again no CNS

Question 8

Edrophonium: type, effect, uses

Answer 8

anticholinesterase, short acting used to test for myasthenia gravis

Question 9

Physostigmine: type, effect, uses

Answer 9

anticholinesterase which crosses into CNS, treat atropine overdose

Question 10

Donepezil: type, effect, uses

Answer 10

Anticholinesterase, Alzheimers

Question 11

insecticide/organophosphate poisoning

Answer 11

inhibit irreversibly AChE DUMBBELSS: Diarrhea, Urination, Miosis, Bronchospasm, Bradycardia, Excitation of skeletal muscles/cns, Lacrimation, Sweating, Salivation

Question 12

treatment of organophophate poisoning

Answer 12

atropine + pralidoxime

Question 13

Benzotropine: type, effect, uses

Answer 13

muscarinic antagonist, CNS, parkinsons (park my benz)

Question 14

Scopolamine: type, effect, uses

Answer 14

muscarinic antagonist, CNS, motion sickness

Question 15

Ipratropium/tiotriopium: type, effect, uses

Answer 15

muscarinic antagonist, resp, COPD/asthma

Question 16

oxybutynin: type, effect, uses

Answer 16

muscarnic antagonist, genitourinary, reduce urgency in cystitis and bladder spasms

Question 17

glycopyrrolate: type, effect, uses

Answer 17

GI, resp, pre-op airway (reduce secretions), oral (drooling/peptic ulcers)

Question 18

Atropine mech and typical uses

Answer 18

THE muscarinic antagonist, treat bradycardia and opthalmic applications

Question 19

Atropine effects on eye, airway, stomach, gut, bladder

Answer 19

eye: increase pupil dilation, cycloplegia
airway: decrease secetions
stomach: decrease acid
gut: decrease motility
bladder: decrease urgency in cystitis

Question 20

Atropine toxicity

Answer 20

Hot as a hare, Dry as a bone, Red as a beet, Blind as a bat, Mad as a hatter
glaucoma (old), urinary retention (BPH), hyperthermia (infants)

Question 21

Epi: receps, app

Answer 21

strong alpha and beta, anaphylaxis, glaucoma, asthma, hypotension

Question 22

alpha1

Answer 22

sympathetic, vasconstrict, dilate pupil, contract sphincters

Question 23

alpha2

Answer 23

sympathetic, decrease insulin/lipolysis, increase plate agg

Question 24

beta1

Answer 24

sympathetic, increase heart rate/contractility/renin/lipolysis

Question 25

beta2

Answer 25

sympathetic, vasodilate, bronchodilate, increase heart rate/contractility/lipolysis/insulin/aqueous humor production, decrease uterine tone

Question 26

muscarinic M1,2,3 diff

Answer 26

1: CNS/enteric 2:slow heart 3:increase exocrine/gut

Question 27

Dopamine D1v2

Answer 27

1: relax renal 2: modulate CNS NT release

Question 28

Histamine H1v2

Answer 28

1: nasal/bronchial mucus and constriction/pain 2: gastric acid secretion

Question 29

Vasopressin V1/2

Answer 29

1: vascular contraction 2: kidney water reabsorption

Question 30

alpha1/2, beta1/2, M1/2/3/, D1/2, H1/2, V1/2 are what kinda receptors?

Answer 30

GPCRS (qiss, qiq, siq, sqs)

Question 31

Norepi: receps, app

Answer 31

only alpha1/2, hypotension (but decreases renal perfusion)

Question 32

Isoproterenol: receps, app

Answer 32

only stims beta1/2, torsades de pointes, bradyarrhythmias

Question 33

dopamine: receps, app

Answer 33

D1/2 low dose, then betas, then alphas at highest doses. used for shock, heart failure

Question 34

Phenylephrine: receps, app

Answer 34

weakly stims only alpha1(little bit 2), decongestant, hypotension (vasconstrict), occularprocedures (mydratic)

Question 35

Dobutamine: receps, app

Answer 35

only beta1, heart failure, cardiac stress testing

Question 36

Albuterol,salmeterol,terbutaline: receps, app

Answer 36

only beta2, acute asthma. terb used to reduce uterine contractions

Question 37

ritodrine: receps, app

Answer 37

beta2 only, reduce uterine contractions

Question 38

amphetamine action

Answer 38

releases stored catecholamines

Question 39

Ephedrine mech

Answer 39

releases stored catecholamines

Question 40

cocaine mech

Answer 40

reuptake of catecholamines inhibitor. local anesthesia. NEVER GIVE BETA BLOCKERS

Question 41

clonidine/alpha-methyldopa

Answer 41

central alpha2-antagonist, hypertension treatment (no effect on renal flow though)

Question 42

Phenoxybenzyamine

Answer 42

irreversible alpha blocker, pheochromocytoma

Question 43

Phentolamine

Answer 43

reversible alpha antagonist, people who took MAOi and at tyramine foods

Question 44

Prazosin, terazosin, (-osin)

Answer 44

alpha1-antagonist, treat hypertension/urinary retention

Question 45

Mirtazapine

Answer 45

alpha2-selective antagonist, treat depression

Question 46

Hemicholinium mech

Answer 46

blocks choline uptake