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My2 dermatology > viral skin conditions > Flashcards

viral skin conditions Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

what causes chicken pox

A

varcilla zoster virus (VZV)

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2
Q

how does chicken pox present

A

generalised rash and fever, inflamed skin, itch

macules –> papules –> scabs

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3
Q

what are some complications of chickenpox

A

bacterial infection, pneumonitis, haemorrhage, scarring, encephalitis, infants and elderly, immunocompromised

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4
Q

how do you manage chicken pox

A

supportive management and vaccines

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5
Q

what are risks of pregnant women with chicken pox and how do you manage it

A

higher mortality

give varicella zoster immune globulin and acyclovir in late pregnancy

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6
Q

what is shingles

A

reactivated varcilla zoster virus affecting nerve endings

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7
Q

who is likely to get shingles

A

elderly and immunocompromised

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8
Q

how does shingles present

A

tingling/ pain –> erythema –> vesicles –> crust in a dermatomal distribution

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9
Q

what is ramsay hunt syndrome

A

complication of shingles

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10
Q

what are the symptoms of ramsay hunt syndrome

A

vesicles in ear and throat, facial palsy, deafness/ vertigo

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11
Q

how do you manage shingles

A

acyclovir

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12
Q

what causes primary gingivostomatis and how does it present

A

HSV, pre school children.

ulceration and crust in and around mouth

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13
Q

what is a dangerous complication of herpes simplex virus + a key characteristic

A

eczema herpeticum (punched out legions)

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14
Q

what HSV causes oral legions

A

type 1

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15
Q

how do you treat herpes

A

acyclovir

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16
Q

what causes mulloscum contagiosum

A

pox virus

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17
Q

how does mulloscum contagiosum present

A

fleshy form, pearlescent nodules (look like warts)

18
Q

how can mulloscum contagiosum be transmitted

A

occasionally sexually

19
Q

how is mulloscum contagiosum managed

A

self-limiting - liquid nitrogen

20
Q

what causes warts and veruccas

A

human papilloma virus

21
Q

how do you treat warts

A

topical salicyclic acid or imiquimod

22
Q

what strain of HPV causes genital warts

A

6 and 11

23
Q

what strain of HPV causes cervical cancer

A

16 and 18

24
Q

how is HPV prevented

A

vaccines

25
Q

what are the symptoms of herpangina

A

blistering at back of mouth

26
Q

what causes herpangina and hand, foot and mouth disease

A

enterovirus eg coxsackie and echovirus

27
Q

how do you test for enterovirus

A

PCR

28
Q

how does hand, foot and mouth disease present

A

red rash on feet and hands, ulcers at back of mouth. sore throat

29
Q

who likely gets hand, foot and mouth

A

children –> family outbreaks

30
Q

what causes erythema infectiosum and what is another name for it

A

parovirus - slap cheek disease

31
Q

what are the symptoms of erythema infectiosum and who usually gets it

A

red rash on both cheeks (polyarthritis of hands), children

32
Q

what are complications of erythema infectiosum

A

spontaneous miscarriage, aplastic cries (drop in haemoglobin), chronic anaemia

33
Q

how do you test for erythema infectiosum

A

antibody testing

34
Q

what causes orf

A

parapoxvirus from sheep

35
Q

how does orf present

A

firm, fleshy nodule on farmers hand

36
Q

how is orf diagnosed and treated

A

clinical diagnosis, self-limiting

37
Q

how does zika virus present

A

fever, rash, headache, athralgia, myalgia, conjunctivitis

38
Q

how is zika virus spread and how do you diagnose it

A

mosquito, PCR

39
Q

what are complications of zika

A

microcephaly (small head) and Guillain barre

40
Q

what other diseases have similar symptoms to zika

A

dengue and chikungunya

My2 dermatology (20 decks)

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