leg uclers

Question 1

what type of vascular ulcer is more common

Answer 1

60-80% venous

Question 2

which ulcer type of ulcer is deeper

Answer 2

arterial deeper, venous superficial

Question 3

what are risk factors for vasculitis

Answer 3

stasis, high fat content, vasocontrictors, varicose veins, PAD, cold, high blood viscosity, fibrin

Question 4

what are some symptoms of early vascular disease in the legs

Answer 4

lipodermatosclerosis (woody, fleshy, red, swollen skin just above ankle), dry, red

Question 5

what investigations can you do for leg ulcers

Answer 5

ABPI, wound swab (if infection), duplex (if suspected DVT), bloods

Question 6

what is ABPI and what is normal

Answer 6

ankle brachial pressure index, ankle pressure/ brachial - normal 1

Question 7

what ABPI score would indicate vascular disease

Answer 7

<0.8

Question 8

what ABPI is it safe to compress

Answer 8

0.8-1.3

Question 9

what ABPI score indications calcification

Answer 9

<1.5

Question 10

what is the treatment for leg ulcers

Answer 10

control pain, dressing and de-slough (honey/ hydrogel), 4 layer compression bandage, leg elevation, compression stockings

Question 11

in a compression bandage, what pressure should be at ankle and at knee, how long will the bandage be on

Answer 11

40 at ankle 25 at knee (to encourage venous blood flow, 12 weeks