general microbiology Flashcards
what does adhesion mean for a bacteria
ability to bind to host
what does invasin mean for a bacteria
ability to penetrate cell/ host tissue
what does impedin mean for a bacteria
avoiding host defence
what does aggresin mean for a bacteria
how it directly damages hosts
what does modulin mean for a bacteria
indirect damage to host
what are adhesins
ECM molecules on epithelial cells
name competitive bacterial flora
staph epi, corynebacterium (diptheroids), propionibacterium
give an example of coagulase +ive staph
staph A (wound and skin infection) - golden
give an example of coagulase -ive staph
staph epidermis
is staph anaerobic or aerobic and what does it look like
aerobic but can be aerobic, gram +ive cocci clusters
where is staph A normally found in humans
nasal mucosa
what is the best antibiotic for staph A
fluclox
what are virulence factors of Staph A
fibrogen binding protein, TSST1, PVL
what does TSST1 toxin do
release large amounts of interleukins and chemokines
what does PVL toxin do
kills white blood cells
what is MRSA and how do you treat it
highly contagious strain resistant to methilin - treat doxy, co-trimoxazole, clinda, vanco
what skin conditions does staph A
cellulitis, infected eczema, impetigo
what serious conditions can staph cause
toxic shock (TTST1), scalded skin syndrome (TTST1), necrotistising fasciitis (PVL), recurrent furnuclosis (PVL), necrotising pneumonia (PVL)
what are the symptoms of toxic shock syndrome
high fever, diffuse macular rash and erythema, hypotension, V+D, sore throat, causes huge release of chemokines
what is a common skin commensal
staph epidermis
give an example of alpha/ partial haemolytic stress
strep pneumonia and strep viridans (endocarditis) - partial
give an example of beta haemolytic stress
GAS eg strep (throat and skin) pyogenes, group B eg neonatal meningitis, group C, G etc - complete
give an example of gamma haemolytic stress
enterococcus, UTI’s and commensals
what do GAS organisms cause
infected eczema, cellulitis, necrotising fasciitis
how do you treat GAS organisms
topical or oral penicllin
