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Respiratory Block > Ventilation and compliance 1 > Flashcards

Ventilation and compliance 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Spirometer

A

Apparatus used to measure the volume of air expired and inspired in the lungs - breathed in and out

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2
Q

Anatomical dead space + the volume

A

Volume is about 150ml

Volume of gas occupied by the conducting airways and this gas is not available for gas exchange

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3
Q

Residual volume

A

The volume of gas in the lungs at the end of a maximal expiration

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4
Q

Expiratory reserve volume

A

The maximum volume of air which can be expelled from the lungs at the end of a normal expiration

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5
Q

Tidal volume

A

The volume of air breathed in and out of the lungs at each breath

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6
Q

Inspiratory reserve volume

A

The maximum volume of air which can be drawn into the lungs at the end of a normal inspiration

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7
Q

Vital capacity

A

IRV+TV+ERV

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8
Q

Total lung capacity

A

Vital capacity + RV

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9
Q

Functional residual volume

A

RV+ERV

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10
Q

Inspiratory capacity

A

TV + IRV

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11
Q

FEV1:FVC

A

Fraction of forced vital capacity expired in one second

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12
Q

What units is ventilation measured in?

A

L/min

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13
Q

Pulmonary ventilation

A

Total air movement into/out of lungs

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14
Q

Alveolar ventilation

A

Fresh air getting to alveoli and therefore available for gas exchange

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15
Q

Which type of ventilation is more functionally significant?

A

Alveolar

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16
Q

How efficient is breathing at rest and why?

A

70%

Stale air in the dead space dilutes the fresh air and prevents the full volume of fresh air entering the alveoli

17
Q

What is more important in breathing - the rate or the depth?

A

Depth

18
Q

Partial pressure

A

The percentage of the gas multiplied by the pressure of the whole gaseous mixture which gives the gas’ partial pressure

19
Q

What 2 units can be used for pressure?

A

mmHg or kPa

20
Q

Why does the partial pressure increase with the concentration of gas molecules in the mixture?

A

All gases molecules exert the same pressure

21
Q

What vary with hypo and hyper ventilation?

A

PO2 and PCO2

22
Q

What is Hypoventilation? State what happens to PO2 and PCO2

A

Decreased alveolar ventilation
PO2 decreases to 30mmHg
PCO2 increases to 100mmHg

23
Q

What is hyperventilation? State what happens to PO2 and PCO2

A

Increased alveolar pressure
P02 increases to 120mmHg
PCO2 decreases to 20mmHg

Respiratory Block (29 decks)

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