Pulmonary vascular disease Flashcards
What is a pulmonary embolism?
A blood clot formed in the venous system which embolises to the pulmonary artery
What part of the body to blood clots usually form?
deep veins of the leg
What percentage of all hospital admissions are due to pulmonary embolisms?
1%
Name 6 major risk factors for pulmonary embolism
pregnancy cancer recent surgery MI recent major trauma inherited thrombophilia
List some symptoms of a pulmonary embolism
pleuritic chest pain
Cough
haemoptysis
isolated acute dyspnoea
What is syncope?
Temporary loss of consciousness caused by a fall in blood pressure
List some signs of pulmonary embolism
Pyrexia
pleural rub
tachycardia
hypoxia
Name some scores used before tests for probability
wells
revised Geneva
What Is the percentage mortality range after 30 days?
0-25%
List some investigations used if someone has a pulmonary embolism or is suspected to have one
full blood count chest x ray blood gas ECG CT V/Q scan
List some treatment methods for a pulmonary embolism
oxygen
warfarin
pulmonary embolectomy
anticoagulants
What is pulmonary hypertension?
Elevated blood pressure in the pulmonary arterial or tree
What pressure is used to define pulmonary hypertension?
> 25mmHg
What is the incidence per million population of pulmonary hypertension?
1-2
List some causes of pulmonary hypertension
idiopathic secondary to chronic respiratory disease secondary to left heart disease HIV congenital heart disease
