Restrictive lung disease - clinical features and management Flashcards
What is the physiological definition of restriction?
A forced vital capacity <80% of the predicted value
Working from inside to outside what should you think of when it comes to restriction?
lungs-> pleura->nerve or muscle-> bone and other
Name the Main lung causes of restriction
interstitial lung diseases
Name the 3 main interstitial lung diseases
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
sarcoidosis
hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Name 3 pleural causes of restriction
pneumothorax
pleural effusion
pleural thickening
Name 4 bone/skeletal causes of restriction
Kyphoscoliosis
ankylosing spondylitis
thoracoplasty
rib fractures
Name a muscle cause of restriction
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Name some other sub diaphragmatic causes of restriction
obesity
pregnancy
Where is the interstitium?
Space between the epithelium of the alveolus and the endothelium of the capillary
What are interstitial lung diseases?
Diseases causing thickening of the interstitium
How many ILDs are there?
> 200
What can ILDs result in?
pulmonary fibrosis
What is pleural thickening related to?
asbestos exposure
What is sarcoidosis?
multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown cause
What is the histological hallmark of sarcoidosis?
non caseating granuloma