Vascular system Flashcards
Where do the carotid arteries go from and to?
The heart to the head
2 types of iliac arteries
Internal
External
Which 2 veins turn into the superior vena cava?
Right and left brachiocephallic veins
Which brachiocephallic trunks is longer?
The left
Where are the brachiocephallic trunks located?
Behind the sternum
Are the origins of the left and right brachiocephallic trunk the same?
Yes, subclavian vein and internal jugular vein
2 natures of structures in the lung
Vascular
Bronchial
What is the target for both the vascular and bronchial structures in the lungs?
The alveolar
What do the vessels in the lung branch with?
The bronchia
Where does the pulmonary artery originate?
The right part of the heart
Where does the pulmonary vein originate?
The lungs
Where does the pulmonary vein carry oxygenated blood to?
The left part of the heart
Where does the subclavian arteries go?
The upper limbs
Where does the carotid arteries go?
The head
Where does the left subclavian artery and left carotid artery originate ?
Arch of the aorta
Where does the right subclavian artery and right carotid artery originate?
Brachiocephalic trunk
Why does the the right subclavian artery and right carotid artery originate from the brachiocephalic trunk?
Organeogenisis
What is posterior (behind) and in part below the arch of the aorta? (level of T4)
Bifurcation of pulmonary artery
Trachea bifurcates into 2 bronchi
Bifurcation lymph nodes
Where does the arch of the aorta pass above?
The left bronchi
Where does the arteries that vascularise the bronchia and the oesophageal originate?
Descending aorta
Where does the intercostal veins end?
Azygos vein system
How many veins in the azygos vein system?
3
Accessory hemiacygos vein
Azygos vein
Hemiazygos vein
Where in the thorax is the azygos vein system located?
Very deep
From where does the hemizygos vein collect venous blood?
Inferior left
From where does the azygos vein collect venous blood?
Right
From where does the accessory hemizygos vein collect venous blood?
Superior left
Where does the veins from the left part of the azygos system collect?
In the azygos vein
Where does the azygos vein end?
The superior venacava
Which is the deepest vein in the mediastinum?
Azygos vein
How many systems supply the brain?
2
What vascularises the posterior part of the brain?
The vetebral arteries
Where doe the vertebral arteries branch from?
Subclavian artery
What vascularises the middle and anterior part of the brain?
Carotid arteries
What collects the venous blood in the brain?
The venous sinuses which are collected by the internal jugular vein
What collects all the venous blood in the brain circulation (from the sinuses)?
The internal jugular vein
Where does the jugular vein ends?
Jugular subclavian complex
What happens to the carotid artery at the level of the mandible?
It birforcates into the internal and external carotid arteries
Where does the internal carotid artery go?
Through the carotid canal into the brain
Where does the external carotid artery go?
The face
What vascularises the orbit and the muscles in that area?
The ophthalmic artery
What is anastomosis?
When 2 veins or 2 arteries are feud together
What is an anastomotic circle?
Series of vascular connections that make a circulation
What kind of anastomotic circulation is the Willis circle?
Arterial
What part of the brain do the posterior cerebral arteries vascularise?
Posterior part of the brain
What do the vertebral arteries fuse into?
Bailar artery
Where does the anterior cerebral artery stem from?
The internal carotid artery
Where does the middle cerebral artery stem from?
The internal carotid artery
Where does the ophtalmic artery stem from?
The internal carotid artery
What does the posterior communicating artery connect in the willis circle?
Posterior cerebral artery and internal carotid
What does the anterior communicating artery connect in the willis circle?
Right and left anterior cerebral artery
Where is the willis circle located?
In the sphenoid bone at the base of the brain around the sella tunica
What does the facial artery do at the angle of the mandible?
Goes behind it and then back out
What are the two terminal branches of the ECA?
Superficial temporal artery
Internal maxillary artery
Where does the ECA branch out into the two terminal branches?
Inside the parotid gland
Which is the deepest branch of the ECA?
Ascending pharyngeal
What muscle covers the ECA?
Sterno-cleido mastoidrug (?)
4 cervical branches of the facial artery
Ascending palatine
Internal pterygoid
Submaxillar
Submental
3 facial branches of the facial artery
Labias sup
Labias inf
Nasal (terminal branch)
What is the first part of the maxillary artery called?
Mandibular
What is the second part of the maxillary artery called?
Pterygoid
What is the third part of the maxillary artery called?
Pterygopalatine
What does the second part of the maxillary vein give off?
Muscular branches
What does the carotid sheath contain?
Carotid artery
Internal jugular vein
Cranial nerve 10
What is the carotid sinus?
Small dilation at the beginning of the internal carotid artery
Is there also an external jugular vein or only internal?
Both internal and external
Where does the axillary artery change name into branchial artery?
At the inferior margin of the pectorals major muscle
Name of the 3 palmar arcades
Superficial
Deep
Dorsal
Name of the 2 venous drainages in upper and lower limbs
Superficial venous drainage
Deep venous drainage
Do the 2 venous drainages in the upper and lower limb communicate?
Yes
Name of 2 main superficial veins in the upper limb
Basilic (medial)
Cephalic (lateral)
Where does the basilica vein terminate?
Brancial vein which terminates in axillary vein
Where does the cephalic vein terminate?
Axillary vein
Which is the main venous collector in the lower limbs? Where do both the superficial and deep venous drainage terminate?
Phemoral vein
Where does the abdominal aorta biforcate? (which level)
At L4
Which renal artery is long?
Right
Which renal vein is long?
Left
Different name for internal iliac artery
Hypogastric artery
What does the celiac trunk vascularize?
Liver
Spleen
Part of stomach
and other organs close in that area
How is the vascularisation of the suprarenal glands?
Highy vascularised, 3 arteries
What is the right renal vein in located in comparison to the abdominal aorta?
Anterior
What is the right renal artery in located in comparison to the inferior vena cava?
Posterior
Where does the splenic artery branch from?
The celiac trunk
What branches from the hepatic artery?
Gatroduodenal artery
Gastroomental artery
How is the head of the pancreas vascularised?
pancreatic-duodenal artery
What vascularise the body of the pancreas?
Greater pancreatic artery
How many branches from the celiac trunk?
3
Name of the branches of the celiac trunk
Hepatic artery
Splenic artery
Gastric artery
Are the veins surrounding the stomach symmetrical to the arteries?
Yes
Where does the portal vein go to?
The liver
What are the 2 roots of the portal vein?
Superior mesenteric vein
Splenic vein
What organs have hemocateric functions
Spleen
Liver
Where does the superior rectal vein stem from?
Inferior mesenteric veins
Where doe the middle and inferior rectal veins stem from?
Hypogastric vein
Which iliac artery vascularises the pelvis?
The interior
Which iliac artery vascularises the thigh?
The external
Which of the iliac arteroes os also known as the hypogastric?
The internal
Where do the superior vesicles derive from?
Umbilical artery
Does the venous wall in the lower limb differ? why, why not?
Yes because they have to work against gravity
What are varicose veins?
Abnormally dilated veins
Where do the external iliac vessels pass?
The vascular passage below the lingual ligament
What does the femoral artery change name to?
Popliteal artery
What does the popliteal artery branch into?
Anterior and posterior tibial artery
What vascularises the planter part of the foot?
The terminal branches of the posterior tibial artery
What vascularises the dorsal part of the foot?
The terminal branches of the anterior tibial artery
What does the small saphenous vein enter?
The popliteal vein
