Vascular supply and lymph drainage of GI Flashcards
What does the celiac trunk supply? (embryological origins)
The foregut
What does the superior mesenteric artery supply? (embryological origins)
The midgut
What does the inferior mesenteric artery supply? (embryological origins)
The hindgut
3 branches of the celiac trunk
Left gastric artery
Splenic artery
Common hepatic artery
What does the proper hepatic artery supply?
The liver
What does the proper hepatic artery contribute to in the liver?
The portal triad
Where does the right gastric artery originate?
The common hepatic artery
Where does the right and left gastric artery join in an anastomosis?
In the lesser curvature of the stomach
What is the left gastro-mental artery a branch of?
Splenic artery
What is the right gastro-mental artery a branch of?
Gastroduodenal artery
Where does the inferior pancreatico-duodenal artery originate?
Superior mesenteric artery
What are the jejunal and ill arteries branche of?
The superior mesenteric artery
What is the anastomoses between the celiac trunk and the superior mesenteric?
Pancreatico-duodenal arteries
What is the anastomoses between the inferior mesenteric and the superior mesenteric?
Middle colic artery and left colic artery
What is the anastomoses between the internal iliac artery and the inferior mesenteric?
Superior rectal artery and middle/inferior rectal artery
5 arteries that supply the stomach
Left gastric
Right gastric
Right gastroomental
Left gastroomental
Short gastric
2 arteries that supply the head of the pancreas and the duodenum
Sup pancreaticoduodenal artery (post and ant)
Inf pancreaticoduodenal artery (post and ant)
What supplies the body and tail of the pancreas?
Splenic artery
What supplies the jejunum and ileum?
Branches of the superior mesenteric artery
What guarantees blood supply to the small bowels?
The anastomoses between the branches of the superior mesenteric artery
What supplies the cecum and appendix?
Ileocolic artery
What supplies the ascending colon?
Right colic artery
What supplies 2/3 of the transverse colon?
The middle colic artery
What supplies the distal 1/3 of the transverse colon?
Left colic artery
What supplies the descending colon?
Left colic artery
What supplies the sigmoid of the colon?
Sigmoid artery
What supplies 2/3 of the rectum?
Superior rectal artery
What is the portal vein formed by?
Superior mesenteric vein
Splenic veins (and inferior mesenteric)
Where is the venous anastomoses between the portal and caval system?
At the rectum
What does the middle rectal vein and inferior rectal vein drain into?
Internal iliac vein
Which system does the superior rectal vein drain into?
The portal system
What nervous system innervates the GI tract?
The autonomous (sympathetic and parasympathetic)
What is the sympathetic effect on the gastrointestinal tract?
Mobility and secretion goes down
Contraction of sphincter muscles
What is the sympathetic effect on the splenic capsule?
Contraction
What is the sympathetic effect on the liver?
Glycogenolysis/glucogenesis increases
What is the sympathetic effect on the pancreas?
Insulin and genereal secretion goes down
What is the parasympathetic effect on the pancreas?
Increase in secretion
What is the parasympathetic effect on the liver?
No effect
What is the parasympathetic effect on the splenic capsule?
No effect
What is the parasympathetic effect on the gastrointestinal tract?
Increase in secretion and mobility
Relaxation of the sphincter muscle
What is visceral pain?
Pain afferents from the viscera
What is somatic pain?
Pain afferents from the dermatomes
Where does visceral pain and somatic pain terminate?
The same processing neurons in the posterior horn of the spinal cord
What is referred pain?
The confusion of the relationship between the pain’s origins and it perception
Where is the pain impulses from a particular internal organ consistently projected?
To the same well-defined skin area
