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dermatology > varicella zoster infections > Flashcards

varicella zoster infections Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

what is varicella

A

self limiting painful and itchy rash caused by exposure to herpes virus varicella zoster in childhood

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2
Q

mode of transmission

A

respiratory

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3
Q

aka of varicella

A

chicken pox

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4
Q

incubation period of varicella

A

14 days/ A WEEK

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5
Q

progression of the lesion in varicella

A

malaise->Papules-> clear pink based vesicles-> pustules-> umbilication of pustules-> crust-> clear or leave white scars

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6
Q

presentation of varicella

A

itching
lesions all over the body
- most on trunk
-least on limbs

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7
Q

dg of varicella

A

tzanck smear for tzanck cells that show acantholysis

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8
Q

rx of varicella

A

life attenuated vaccine for proph

aciclovir
famciclovir

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9
Q

rx for severe varicella

A

valaciclovir

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10
Q

complications of varicella

A

secondary lesion infection

scarring

hemorrhagic chicken pox leukemia

pneumonitis

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11
Q

dx of varicella

A

small pox

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12
Q

what is herpes zoster

A

reactivation of the herpes varicella zoster virus

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13
Q

where does the dormant varicella zoster virus reside in herpes zoster

A

dorsal (sensory) root ganglion

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14
Q

risk factors for reactivation of herpes zoster

A

AIDS
old age
hodgkins disease
(reduced immunity)

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15
Q

clinical presentation of herpes zoster

A

burning pain
erythema
blood filled vesicles unilaterally along a dermatome

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16
Q

progression of the lesion in herpes zoster

A

vesicles burst in a few days
scabs seperate in 1-3wks

depressed hypopigmented scars remain

17
Q

when should underlying malignancy or immunocompromosation be suspected in herpes zoster

A

general chicken pox presentation along with necrotic or hemorrragic segmental lesions

18
Q

dg of herpes zoster

A

biopsy

tzanck smear

19
Q

what does a positive tzanck smear show

A

multinucleated giant clld and baloon degen of keratinocytes

20
Q

rx of herpes zoster

A

systemic aciclovir

late stage: analgesic

21
Q

complicaions of herpes zoster

A

secondary bac infec

neuralgic pain

corneal ulcers and scaring

ocular and facial paralysis

dermatology (26 decks)

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