superficial dermatophyte infections

Question 1

what are dermatophytes

Answer 1

general name given to fungi that cause skin diseases by invading keratin.

Question 2

list the 3 types of dermatophytes and their site of infection q

Answer 2

microsporum 
- skin, hair
epidermophyton 
-skin, nails
trichophyton
- skin, hair, ,nail

Question 3

which form of dermatophyte transmission has worse presentation

Answer 3

zoophilic type is worse than person to person

Question 4

diseases caused by dermatophytes

Answer 4

tinea pedis 
tinea if the hands
tinea of the nails
tinea corporis
tinea of the groin 
tinea capitis

Question 5

which is the most common site of fungal infection

Answer 5

tinea pedis

Question 6

causative agent of tinea pedis

Answer 6

trichophyton rubrum is most common and difficult to eradicate

Question 7

how is tinea pedis acquired

Answer 7

communall showers
swimming pools
occlusive footwear

Question 8

what fungal infections are assoc w/ tinea pedis

2

Answer 8

tinea of the nail
(usually toenail)

tinea of the hands

Question 9

presentation of toenail tinea

Answer 9

free edge is yellow and crumbly and thickened

nail seperates from its bed

usually affects one nail

Question 10

what causes tinea of the fingernails

Answer 10

chronic skin infection of t rubrum on the hands

Question 11

presentation of tinea of the hands

Answer 11

assymetrical

mild erythema which characteristic POWDERY SCALE ON CREASES

Question 12

which tinea affects men>women

Answer 12

tinea of the groin

Question 13

groin tinea presentation

Answer 13

assymetrical
unilateral
affects upper inner thigh
spares scrotum

Question 14

describe the lesion in groin tinea

Answer 14

slowly expanding lesion
forms sharpdemarcations and peripheral scales
vesicles/ pustules

Question 15

which fungal diseases doesn’t spare the groin

Answer 15

candidiasis

Question 16

describe the lesion in tinea corporis

Answer 16

slowly expanding lesion with ring like pattern due to central healing

Question 17

which demographic is at risk of tinea capitis

Answer 17

children

Question 18

what is a kerion

Answer 18

inflammatory lesion w/ lymphadenopathy causing permanent hair loss

Question 19

how is kerion acquired

Answer 19

zoophilic tinea capitis from cattle

Question 20

describe the lesion seen in anthropophillic tinea capitis

Answer 20

minimal inflammation
scales
broken off hairs 3-4mm from scalp

Question 21

dg

Answer 21

microscopic exm of scrapings/ clippings/ hair

wood light scalp exam for tinea capitis

Question 22

how should scrapings be acuired

Answer 22

from the margin of the lesion with a scalpel

Question 23

how are nail clippings acuired

Answer 23

from the crumbliest part of the nail

Question 24

how are specimens prepared for microscopic observation

Answer 24

apply potassium hydroxide

Question 25

what observations are seen on microscope for dg

Answer 25

branching hypae of fungi spores

Question 26

what is a hypha

Answer 26

branching filaments that make up the mycelium of a fungus.

Question 27

what is a mycellium

Answer 27

vegetative part of a fungus that grows out to find nutrients

Question 28

local rx of tinea

Answer 28

imidazole prep - miconazole - clotrimazole terbinafine

Question 29

when is systemic rx of tinea required

Answer 29

``` to rx tinea capitis rx of nail tinea rx of chronic infections rx of widespread infections wjen local rx fails ```

Question 30

what med is used in systemic rx of tinea

Answer 30

terbinafine 6 wks for Fnails 3 months for Tnails