vaccination and antibiotics Flashcards
What does a vaccination contain?
A vaccination contains a dead or weakened pathogen
What does vaccination do?
A vaccination trains the immune system to recognize and fight a disease, giving immunity.
what are Antibodies
Antibodies are proteins produced by B lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) to help the immune system fight pathogens.
What would happen if many ppl were vaccinated
diseases would spread less
why do memory cells remain?
so if infected later, the body responds quickly and stops illness.
What do antibiotics do?
They kill bacteria but not viruses.
e.g penicillin.
Antibiotic resistance meaning.
means bacteria have evolved to survive antibiotics, making infections harder to treat.
What happens if a person overuses antibiotics
It leads to antibiotic resistance (e.g MRSA)
How vaccine works?
1.The vaccine introduces a harmless form of the pathogen into the body
- White blood cells detect the antigens on the pathogens and produce SPECIFIC ANTIBODIES to destroy it.
- Some memory cells remain in the blood, so if the person is infected by the real pathogen later, the immune system responds much faster, preventing illness
what are antigens
Antigens are proteins or molecules on the surface of pathogens that trigger an immune response, leading to the production of antibodies.
What the immune symstem
The immune system is the body’s defense system that protects against infections by detecting and fighting pathogens like bacteria and viruses.
what are vaccinations used for ?
vaccinations are used to prevent, not cure it.
Do antibiotics work on viruses?
No
e.g of viruses
cold. influenza, chicken pox, cold sores.
how and what kills viruses?
The immune system kills viruses by producing antibodies and using white blood cells to destroy infected cells.
What do antiviral drugs do?
Antiviral drugs can help stop viruses from multiplying.
How does the body fight infections?
WHITE BLOOD CELLS
they are responsible for fighting infections.
they detect pathogen(bacteria, viruses) and attack them.
ANTIBODIES
White blood cells produce antibodies that are like special weapons
These antibodies attach to pathogens and neutralize or destroy them.
MEMORY CELLS
After an infection, some white blood cells stay in the body as memory cells.
If the same pathogen tries to infect the body again, memory cells help the body attack it faster
What name is given to microorganisms that cause disease?
Pathogens
