communicable and non communicable disease Flashcards
What are communicable diseases?
what are non communicable diseases?
what does HIV do?
It weakens the immune system, making it harder to fight infections.
is a virus that attacks the immune system, specifically white blood cells (T-cells).
What does TMV stand for?
Tobacco Mosaic Virus
What is TMV?
A virus that affects plants, especially tomatoes and tobacco plants.
What does HIV stand for?
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
How is HIV spread?
Through bodily fluids (blood, semen, vaginal fluids, breast milk).
Unprotected sex, sharing needles, mother to baby during birth or breastfeeding.
Symptoms of HIV
Flu-like symptoms (fever, sore throat, tiredness) appear soon after infection.
May not show symptoms for years while the virus damages the immune system.
If untreated, HIV leads to what
AIDS
What does AIDS stand for?
AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome).
Whats the final stage, where the immune system is severely damaged, leading to life-threatening infections.
AIDS
Treatment for HIV
No cure, but antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) help control HIV, stopping it from damaging the immune system.
People with HIV can live long, healthy lives with treatment.
Prevention of HIV
Using condoms, not sharing needles, and taking preventive medication (PrEP) reduce the risk.
Screening and early treatment help prevent spread.
Symptoms of TMV
Causes a mosaic pattern on leaves (yellow, discolored patches
Reduces photosynthesis, leading to stunted growth.
How is TMV Spread?
Through direct contact between plants.
By contaminated tools, hands, or insects.
Prevention & Treatment for TMV
No cure (since viruses can’t be killed by antibiotics).
Farmers prevent it by destroying infected plants, disinfecting tools, and using TMV-resistant plants, pest control.
What is Gonorrhoea?
A sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by bacteria.
Symptoms of Gonorrhoea
Thick yellow or green discharge from the penis or vagina.
Pain when urinating.
Some people show no symptoms.
How is Gonorrhoea spread?
A sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by bacteria.
Treatment for Gonorrhoea?
Antibiotics (but some strains are becoming resistant).
Prevention of Gonorrhoea
Using condoms during sex.
Regular testing and treating infected individuals.
What’s a Rose Black Spot?
A fungal disease that affects rose plants.
Symptoms of black rose spot
Black or purple spots on leaves.
Leaves turn yellow and fall off.
Stunted growth due to less photosynthesis.
How is black rose spot Spread?
Spores spread by wind and water (rain splashes).
Direct contact with infected plants
