Heart And Circulatory System Flashcards
What’s a heart?
The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body. It has four chambers and works in a double circulatory system:
Right Atrium
Receives deoxygenated blood (blood without oxygen) from the body via the vena cava.
Right Ventricle
Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs through the pulmonary artery for oxygenation.
Left Atrium
Receives oxygenated blood (blood with oxygen) from the lungs via the pulmonary veins.
Left Ventricle
Pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body via the aorta.
What do heart valves do?
The heart has four valves that control the direction of blood flow
How many valves does the heart have?
The heart has four valves
Tricuspid valve
Between the right atrium and right ventricle.
Pulmonary valve
Between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery
Bicuspid (mitral) valve
Between the left atrium and left ventricle.
Aortic valve
Between the left ventricle and the aorta.
How many circulatory system does the heart have?
2
Pulmonary circulation
Blood flows from the heart to the lungs and back, to get oxygen.
Systemic circulation
Blood flows from the heart to the rest of the body to deliver oxygen and nutrients, and return waste products like carbon dioxide.
Circulatory Pathways
Arteries, veins and capillaries
Arteries
Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body (except the pulmonary artery, which carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs).
Veins
Carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart (except the pulmonary veins, which carry oxygenated blood from the lungs).
Capillaries
Capillaries: Tiny blood vessels where oxygen, nutrients, and waste exchange between blood and tissues.
Functions of the Heart
Pumps blood: Supplies oxygen and nutrients to cells.
Removes waste: Removes carbon dioxide and other waste from tissues.
Maintains blood pressure: Ensures the body’s blood pressure remains stable to deliver blood efficiently.
Anaerobic Respiration
In animals word equation
Glucose→LacticAcid+Energy
Anaerobic Respiration In plants and yeast fermentation
Glucose→Ethanol+CarbonDioxide+Energy
What’s Oxygen Debt?
Oxygen Debt The extra oxygen needed after anaerobic respiration to break down lactic acid.
what’s Fermentation
Fermentation is a type of anaerobic respiration (without oxygen) that occurs in microorganisms, plants, and some animal cells.
why is fermentation important
Fermentation is a type of anaerobic respiration (without oxygen) that occurs in microorganisms, plants, and some animal cells.
