Heath and disease Flashcards
Explain how a poor diet can lead to an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
A poor diet with too much fat and sugar can cause obesity, which makes the body less responsive to insulin, leading to type 2 diabetes.
How does smoking affect the lungs?
Smoking damages the lungs by harming the alveoli, which makes it harder to breathe. It also increases the risk of diseases like lung cancer and COPD.
A person who has high cholesterol is advised to reduce their intake of saturated fats. Explain why this advice is given.
Saturated fats can increase the level of cholesterol in the blood. High cholesterol can lead to fatty deposits building up in blood vessels, increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke.
Explain the term ‘non-communicable disease’ and give two examples.
A non-communicable disease is a disease that cannot be transmitted from person to person. They are often linked to lifestyle factors. Examples include heart disease and cancer.
Describe how regular exercise can benefit a person’s health.
Regular exercise helps to maintain a healthy weight, reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases, lowers blood pressure, improves lung capacity, and helps to regulate blood sugar levels. It also boosts mental health by releasing endorphins, which can reduce stress and anxiety.
Lung Disease
Lung disease refers to any condition that affects the lungs and breathing. Some common types include:
what is meant by the term risk factor?
A risk factor is anything that increases the likelihood of a person developing a disease or health problem.
what is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
A long-term condition that makes it difficult to breathe, usually caused by smoking.
smoking during pregnancy effects on the mother
placenta is abnormally positioned)
premature labor
miscarriage.
High blood pressure
heart disease
risk of blood clots and stroke can also be higher
smoking during pregnancy effects on the baby
Low birth weight
Premature birth
Respiratory issues
baby dies before or during birth
Learning disabilities and intellectual disabilities
brain damage
Describe the effects of alcohol consumption during pregnancy on the baby.
Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can leads to brain damage, physical abnormalities, and developmental issues in the baby.
These babies may have a small head, learning disabilities, and behavioral problems. Alcohol can also cause premature birth, low birth weight, and intellectual disabilities.
It is important for pregnant women to avoid alcohol to protect the baby’s health.
