Digestive System

Question 1

Mouth

Answer 1

Function: Digestion starts here. Teeth break down food (mechanical digestion), and saliva contains amylase (an enzyme) which breaks down starch into sugars (chemical digestion).

Question 2

Esophagus:

Answer 2

Function: A muscular tube that moves food from the mouth to the stomach through peristalsis (wave-like muscle contractions).

Question 3

Stomach:

Answer 3

Function: The stomach produces gastric juice, which contains hydrochloric acid to kill bacteria and enzymes like pepsin to break down proteins.

Question 4

Small Intestine:

Answer 4

Function: Most digestion happens here. The duodenum (first part) receives bile (from the liver) and enzymes (from the pancreas) to break down food. The ileum (second part) absorbs nutrients through villi into the blood.

Question 5

Liver

Answer 5

Function: Produces bile, which helps break down fats in the small intestine. It also processes nutrients absorbed from the small intestine.

Question 6

Pancreas:

Answer 6

Function: Produces digestive enzymes (amylase, lipase, protease) that help break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in the small intestine.

Question 7

Rectum and Anus:

Answer 7

Function: The rectum stores feces, which are then excreted through the anus.

Question 8

Large Intestine:

Answer 8

Function: Absorbs water and minerals from undigested food, forming solid waste (feces).

Question 9

Amylase

Answer 9

breaks down carbohydrates (starch) into simple sugars.

Question 10

Protease

Answer 10

Breaks down proteins into amino acids.

Question 11

Lipase:

Answer 11

Breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol.

Question 12

summary of what digestive system does

Answer 12

The digestive system breaks down food to extract nutrients and energy, then removes waste. Key organs involved include the mouth, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, pancreas, and rectum.