UWorld Day Seven Flashcards by Elise Wolff

PDGF and TGF-beta

help control fibroblast migration and proliferation during wound healing

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MOA of bisphosphonates (i.e. risedronate)

MOA of SERMs (i.e. raloxifene)

Bisphosphonates inhibits mature osteoclast-mediated bone resorption.

SERMs inhibit osteoclast differentiation.

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MCC of death in TCA overdose

inhibit fast Na channels, leading to cardiac arrhythmias

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V617F mutation in JAK2 gene where valine is replaced by a phenylalanine - what is the result?

renders hematopoetic stem cells more sensitive to growth factors, resulting in polycythemia vera.

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water under the bridge

distal ureter passes inferolateral to the uterine artery prior to entering the bladder - ureter can be damaged during hysterectomy

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pseudohyphae with blastoconidia

candida

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agitation and spasms after being in a bat cave, progressing to coma. Dx and what kind of vaccine?

rabies

killed vaccine

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type of study when participants are randomly allocated to 2 or more treatments consecutively.

crossover.

often contains a washout period.

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“thunderclap HA” - Dx and MC complication

SAA
MC complication is secondary vasospasm 4-12 days after.

Give nimodipine (CaCB) to avoid

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name of infarct of small penetrating deep vessels that supply the basal gnanglia and subcortical white matter (corona radiata and IC)

lacunar infarct

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where is the lesion:
pure motor hemiparesis
pure sensory stroke
ataxia-hemiplegia syndrome
dysarthria-clumsy hand syndrome

posterior limb of IC or basal pons
ventroposterolateral or ventroposteromedial thalamus
posteror limb of IC or basal pons
genu of IC or basal pons

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TdT+ and PAS positive = ?

what if also CD19 and CD10+?
what if CD1, 2, 5+?

lymphoblast

B-cell precursor
T-cell prcursor

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peroxidase positive granules

auer rods (AML)

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HSP etiology

IgA immune complex vasculitis

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Night-time pruritis + HSM

PBS

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rose spots on turnk

salmonella typhi

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sudden onset of blindness in one eye +/- polymyalgia rheumatica (pelvic girdle pain) +/- HA and jaw claudicaiton

temporal arteritis (giant cel vasculitis due to granuloma build up in media consitiing of neutrophils and macrophages)

spike and dome on methanamine silver stain in kidney

membranous glomerulopathy

AR Hardy Weinberg:

if the AR condition is very rare, then p=1 and carrier must be 2q

P(affected child given carrier parents) = 1/4
x [P(carrier mother) = 1 (bc mom already gave allele to first affected son)]
x [P (carrier father) = calculate using HW]

in endothelial cells, what connects collagen to integrin?

fibronectin

what is a true v. false diverticula?

false - only mucosa nad submucosal layers

stress related mucosal damage caused by local ischemia in setting of physiological stress (shock, extensive burns, sepsis, severe trauma)…

in setting of severe trauma/burns
from intracranial injury, causing direct vagal stimulation

Curling ulcers

cushing ulcers

Part of brain responsible for executive function and personality.

what specific location if apathetic an depressed?
what specific location if disinhibited behavior

frontal lobe

left
right side

part of brain responsible for visual auditory and motor signals.

parietal lobe

part of brain responsible for language, sensory, memory, and hyperorality/sexuality

temporal

most potent leukotriene chemotactic

LTB4

what nerve? anterior hip dislocation decr thigh adduction L2-4

Obturator nerve

what nerve? pelvic fracture or mass involving iliopsoas/iliacus (hematoma or abscess) imparied felxion of thigh and extension of leg loss of sensation over knee and medial lower leg L2-4

femoral nerve

what nerve? fubula neck fracture or nerve compression at fibular neck, decreased food eversion, dorsiflexion, toe extension loss of sensation over dorsum of foot L4-S2

common peroneal nerve

what nerve? trauma to knee loss of foot inversion, plantar flexion, toe extension loss of sensation over underside of food L4-S3

tibial nerve

what nerves? 1. L4-S1, thigh abduction 2. L5-S2, thigh extension

1. superior gluteal nerve | 2. inferior gluteal nerve

unvax child - rash starts on face and moves down to trunk - what two options? A) if baby has LAD B) if baby has preceding sickness

rubella measles (rubeola)

achilles reflex

patellar reflex

Waht adds TTAGGG to the 3' end of chromosomes?

telomerase

what is sheehan syndrome? what do they often present with?

high estrogen levels durin gpregnancy lead to enlargement of pituitary without increased blood supply. peripartum hypotension can cause ischemic necrosis of the pituitary leading to panhypopituitarism (Sheenhan) often present with failure of lactation

severe hypoxemia and bilateral pulmonary infiltrates in absence of evidence of pulmonary edema. PO2/FiO2

ARDS

dopamine antagonist in CNS and PNS

clozapine - antipsychotic

anxiolytic class

benzodiazepine

serotonin and **norepinepherine** reuptake inhibitor that esp blocks also Histamine, alpha, and muscarinic, resulting in AE of orthostatic hypotension, anticholinergic, reflex tachycardia

TCA - i.e. amitryptaline | *CI in suicidal patients

what is sertraline?

a SSRI - Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor

reactivation TB is an example of what HSR?

type 4 HSR