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Step 1 - Elise > UWorld Day Nine > Flashcards

UWorld Day Nine Flashcards

1
Q

difference in leukocyte (neutrophil) alkphos between CML and leukemoid reaction?

A

CML - decreased alk phos

Leukemoid - normal or increased

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2
Q

~blast =

~cyte =

A 
blast = malignancy
cyte = leukemoid rxn or pregnancy
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3
Q

hematomas:

  • lucid interval, MMA
  • gradual sx onset, bridging cortical veins
  • worst HA of life + fever and nuchal rigidity
A
  • epidural (lens shaped)
  • subdural hematoma (crescent shaped)
  • SAH (berry aneurysm in ACA or PCA)
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4
Q

koilocytes

A

HPV

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5
Q

multinucleated giant cell bodies and keratinocytes

A

herpes zoster

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6
Q

keratinization /keratin pearls indicates what what type of cell?

A

squamous cell differentiation

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7
Q

what compartment:

  • deep peroneal nerve and anterior tibial aa/vv
  • superficial peroneal nerve
  • tibial nerve, posterior tibial aa/vv, peronal aa/vv
  • n/a - just muscle
A
  • anterior compartment
  • lateral compartment
  • deep posterior compartment
  • superficial posterior compartment
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8
Q

funciton of Bcl-2 gene

A

inhibits apoptosis of tumor cells by inhibiting cell death cascade

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9
Q

DNA mismatch repair mutations lead to…

A

HNPCC (Lynch syndrome)

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10
Q

antibody in polymyositis

A

anti-jo-1

anti-histydyl-tRNA synthetase

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11
Q

low serum levels of C1 esterase

A

hereditary angioedema = d/t of bradykinin

ACEinhibitors are contraindicated

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12
Q

G+ that synthesizes dextrans from sucrose

A

viridans strep

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13
Q

what type of G+ bug uses dextrans to facilitate adherence to fibrin, which is deposited at sites of endothelial trauma

A

viridans strep

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14
Q

the following are indicative of ____:

  1. hepatic dysfunction with microvesicular steatosis without inflammation
  2. encephalopathy
A

reye syndrome in a child

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15
Q

mutationin PPRP leads to

A

gout

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16
Q

what finiding will ALWAYS be present in TTP

A

hemolytic anemia

17
Q

light blue basophilic peripheral granules in neutrophils, aka Dohle Bodies.

increased alk phos

A

leukemoid reaction

18
Q

early amture neutrophil precursors, (myelocytes), granule sin neutrophils (dohle bodies), inrased bands on Peripheral blood smear.

A

leukemoid reaction

19
Q

virus that causes acute fever, cough, congestion, phayngitis, conjuctivitis. Outbreaks in crowded quarters

A

adenovirus

20
Q

virus that destroys erythroid precursors, thus diminisheing number of reticulocytes available to replace deformed an/or removed erythrocytes. in sickle cell

A

parvo B19 - causing aplastic crisis

21
Q

cataracts, frontal balding, gonadal atrophy, sustained muscle fiber (type 1) contraction.

A

myotonic dystrophy

22
Q
  • Loss of BILATERAL UE pain and temp
  • UE weakness and hyporeflexia (LMN signs)
  • LE weakness and hyperreflexia (UMN signs)
  • kyphoscoliosis.
A

syringomyelia

23
Q

UMN, LMN disease

A

ALS

24
Q

posterior fossa tumor in children that causes sx realted to obstructive hydrocephalus

A

medulloblastoma

25
Q

the 2 substances that are the predominant promotors of angiogenesis

A

VEGF

FGF-2

26
Q

pancytopenia,

  • biopsy - hypocellular bone marrow composed of fat and stromal cells –> “dry tap”
  • pancytopenia- anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia

no SM

A

aplastic anemia

27
Q

severe B12 deficiency anemia, folic acid deficiency anemia, acute leukemia, Myelodysplastic syndrome - all present with?

A

pancytopenia wihtout SM

28
Q

what are these LoF mutaitons?

  1. inactivated in Familial Adenomatis Polyposis and many sporadic colon cancers.
  2. normally responsible for DNA repair - breast and ovarian cancer risk
  3. normally inhibits G1 to S
  4. prodcues p53, Li-Fraumeni ssyndrome
A
  1. APC
  2. BRCA1
  3. RB
  4. TP53
29
Q

CML an d ALL proto oncogene

A

ABL

30
Q

BRAF protooncogene

A

melanoma

31
Q

HER1 protooncogene

A

Squamous cell lung cancer

32
Q

HER2 protooncogene

also assocaited with Erb-B2

A

breast and ovarian cancer

33
Q

SIS protooncogene

A

astrocytoma and osteosarcoma

34
Q

TGFA protooncogene

A

astrocytoma and HCCa

35
Q

VHL tumor suppressor gene

A

VHL-syndrome and Rencal cell cancer

36
Q

LEMS or MG?

hyporeflexia or areflexia, autonomic sx, incremental response to repetative stimulatino

A

LEMS

**Small cell lung cancer

37
Q
  • complication of Ulcerative colitis that dissallows colonoscopy or barium contrast studies
  • sx are abd pain/distension, bloody diarrhea, fever, signs of shock
A

toxic megacolon

38
Q

RA results in what spinal abnormlaities?

A

cervical subluxation that can affect the atlantoaxial joint.

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