UWorld Day Nine Flashcards
difference in leukocyte (neutrophil) alkphos between CML and leukemoid reaction?
CML - decreased alk phos
Leukemoid - normal or increased
~blast =
~cyte =
blast = malignancy cyte = leukemoid rxn or pregnancy
hematomas:
- lucid interval, MMA
- gradual sx onset, bridging cortical veins
- worst HA of life + fever and nuchal rigidity
- epidural (lens shaped)
- subdural hematoma (crescent shaped)
- SAH (berry aneurysm in ACA or PCA)
koilocytes
HPV
multinucleated giant cell bodies and keratinocytes
herpes zoster
keratinization /keratin pearls indicates what what type of cell?
squamous cell differentiation
what compartment:
- deep peroneal nerve and anterior tibial aa/vv
- superficial peroneal nerve
- tibial nerve, posterior tibial aa/vv, peronal aa/vv
- n/a - just muscle
- anterior compartment
- lateral compartment
- deep posterior compartment
- superficial posterior compartment
funciton of Bcl-2 gene
inhibits apoptosis of tumor cells by inhibiting cell death cascade
DNA mismatch repair mutations lead to…
HNPCC (Lynch syndrome)
antibody in polymyositis
anti-jo-1
anti-histydyl-tRNA synthetase
low serum levels of C1 esterase
hereditary angioedema = d/t of bradykinin
ACEinhibitors are contraindicated
G+ that synthesizes dextrans from sucrose
viridans strep
what type of G+ bug uses dextrans to facilitate adherence to fibrin, which is deposited at sites of endothelial trauma
viridans strep
the following are indicative of ____:
- hepatic dysfunction with microvesicular steatosis without inflammation
- encephalopathy
reye syndrome in a child
mutationin PPRP leads to
gout
what finiding will ALWAYS be present in TTP
hemolytic anemia
light blue basophilic peripheral granules in neutrophils, aka Dohle Bodies.
increased alk phos
leukemoid reaction
early amture neutrophil precursors, (myelocytes), granule sin neutrophils (dohle bodies), inrased bands on Peripheral blood smear.
leukemoid reaction
virus that causes acute fever, cough, congestion, phayngitis, conjuctivitis. Outbreaks in crowded quarters
adenovirus
virus that destroys erythroid precursors, thus diminisheing number of reticulocytes available to replace deformed an/or removed erythrocytes. in sickle cell
parvo B19 - causing aplastic crisis
cataracts, frontal balding, gonadal atrophy, sustained muscle fiber (type 1) contraction.
myotonic dystrophy
- Loss of BILATERAL UE pain and temp
- UE weakness and hyporeflexia (LMN signs)
- LE weakness and hyperreflexia (UMN signs)
- kyphoscoliosis.
syringomyelia
UMN, LMN disease
ALS
posterior fossa tumor in children that causes sx realted to obstructive hydrocephalus
medulloblastoma
the 2 substances that are the predominant promotors of angiogenesis
VEGF
FGF-2
pancytopenia,
- biopsy - hypocellular bone marrow composed of fat and stromal cells –> “dry tap”
- pancytopenia- anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia
no SM
aplastic anemia
severe B12 deficiency anemia, folic acid deficiency anemia, acute leukemia, Myelodysplastic syndrome - all present with?
pancytopenia wihtout SM
what are these LoF mutaitons?
- inactivated in Familial Adenomatis Polyposis and many sporadic colon cancers.
- normally responsible for DNA repair - breast and ovarian cancer risk
- normally inhibits G1 to S
- prodcues p53, Li-Fraumeni ssyndrome
- APC
- BRCA1
- RB
- TP53
CML an d ALL proto oncogene
ABL
BRAF protooncogene
melanoma
HER1 protooncogene
Squamous cell lung cancer
HER2 protooncogene
also assocaited with Erb-B2
breast and ovarian cancer
SIS protooncogene
astrocytoma and osteosarcoma
TGFA protooncogene
astrocytoma and HCCa
VHL tumor suppressor gene
VHL-syndrome and Rencal cell cancer
LEMS or MG?
hyporeflexia or areflexia, autonomic sx, incremental response to repetative stimulatino
LEMS
**Small cell lung cancer
- complication of Ulcerative colitis that dissallows colonoscopy or barium contrast studies
- sx are abd pain/distension, bloody diarrhea, fever, signs of shock
toxic megacolon
RA results in what spinal abnormlaities?
cervical subluxation that can affect the atlantoaxial joint.
