UTI Agents Flashcards
What are the two UTI agents?
Nitrofurantoin and Methenamine
Nitrofurantoin
Mechanism of Action
Binds ribosomal proteins and inhibits translation, bacterial respiration, and pyruvate metabolism
Methenamine Mechanism of Action
Converted in acid pH to ammonia an formaldehyde (nonspecific denaturant of proteins and nucleic acids)
Nitrofurantoin
Mechanism of Resistance
E coli may have plasmid mediated resistance via an enzyme
Methenamine
Mechanism of Resistance
No resistance to formaldehyde
Nitrofurantoin and Methenamine
Absorption
Both oral drugs
Nitrofurantoin
Distribution
Low serum concentrations
High urine concentrations
Methenamine Distribution
Broad distribution to tissue
Nitrofurantoin and Methenamine
Elimination
Renally eliminated
Nitrofurantoin Clinical Uses
Simple UTIs (acute, uncomplicated)
Methenamine Clinical Uses
Used to suppress or prevent Recurrent UTIs
Nitrofurantoin is not active against which species?
Pseudomonas
Proteus
Providencia
Nitrofurantoin is most commonly used for what infection?
E coli
Methenamine
Antimicrobial Activity
No intrinsic antimicrobial activity
Almost no formaldehyde resistance
Nitrofurantoin
Adverse Effects
Acute, subacute, and chronic pulmonary reactions
