Uterine Diseases

Question 1

How many percent develop uterine infections

Answer 1

40%

Question 2

How long must foetal placenta be retained for it to be RFM

Answer 2

If placenta is not passed within 6-12h

Question 3

Risk factors for RFM

Answer 3

Premature birth/Abortion/Csection/Twins/Induced calving
Placentitis- Brucella/Trauma
Failure of uterine contraction-Twins/Dystocia/Hypocalcaemia

Question 4

Tx of RFM

Answer 4

Oxytocin IM if difficult calving
Calcium SC if older
Manual removal with/out Intrauterine AB- But introduces bacteria and causes trauma
Leave and monitor temp and general condition. If high temp NSAIDS/Fluids/AB

Question 5

What is metritis

Answer 5

Inflammation of ALL uterine layers. Often a consequence of RFM

Question 6

95% of metritis happens in what phase of post partum

Answer 6

First 2 weeks

Question 7

Difference between clinical and puerperal metritis

Answer 7

Clinical: No systemic
Puerperal metritis: Systemic signs

Question 8

C/S of Metritis

Answer 8

Depression, inappetence, agalactia, pyrexia
Vaginal discharge
Smelly, watery, homogeneous, commonly red-brown
Uterus distended
Hypotermia, peritonitis, death

Question 9

Outline the 3 grade system to grade metritis

Answer 9

G1: Enlarged Uterus, Purulent discharge, No systemic
G2: Clinical metritis
G3: Toxaemia-Collapse/Depression

Question 10

Treatment of acute post partum metritis

Answer 10

Parental antibiotics
NSAIDS
Fluids Oral/ Hypertonic IV

Question 11

Dx of subclinical endometritis

Answer 11

No C/S. Poor reproductive perf
Uterine lavage
Cytobrush cytology

Question 12

Will clinical endometritis show any systemic signs

Answer 12

No

Question 13

C/S of Clinical endometritis

Answer 13

Not sick cow
Poor performance
Purulent vaginal discharge
Uterus not fully involuted

Question 14

Dx of Endometritis

Answer 14

ULTRASOUND
Purulent vaginal discharge over 50% cloudy
Vaginal examination using vaginoscope
Transrectal palpation

Question 15

What do I see on U/S if endometritis

Answer 15

One dark square of anoechoic fluid filled

Question 16

Tx of Endometritis

Answer 16

Metricure-Intrauterine antibiotic
PGF2A if there is no CL causing lysis of CL opening to drain discharge

Question 17

Risk factor/cause of pyometra

Answer 17

Cows ovulate early post partum in a contaminated uterus

Question 18

Difference between endometritis and pyometra

Answer 18

Pyometra ALWAYS has CL and easy diagnosis
Pyometra has easier treatment

Question 19

How to monitor uterine disease

Answer 19

Daily assessment of appetite, appearance, attitude and production
Physical examination (postpartum check)
Vaginal exam (RFM, metritis & PVD)
Rectal temperature
Cow side measures (BCS, rumen fill, BHB)

Question 20

D