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4.3 Ruminant Production > Production diseases: Rumen health > Flashcards

Production diseases: Rumen health Flashcards

1
Q

Does high starch or high fibre generate more VFA production

A

High starch

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2
Q

Outline physiological cause of rumen diseases- Lactic acidosis spiral

A
  1. Rapid ingestion of starch lowers pH 2. If pH drops for too long, Streptococcus bovis takes over
  2. Lactic acid produced by strep
  3. pH of 4.5 lactobacillus grows and more lactic acid
  4. Death
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3
Q

What are the 2 syndromes of Ruminal acidosis

A
  1. Acute Ruminal acidosis
  2. Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA)
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4
Q

What is metabolic alkalosis due to hydrochloric acid sequestation

A

the HCl normally found in the stomach is not reabsorbed into the bloodstream but is instead trapped or “sequestered” elsewhere resulting in an elevated blood pH

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5
Q

What is the most common cause of acute rumen acidosis

A

Grain overload

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6
Q

C/S of Acute Ruminal Acidosis

A

Bloat
Anorexia
Tachypnoea
Diarrhoea
Death

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7
Q

What is the treatment for severe ARA

A

Rumenotomy
Correct ruminal and metabolic acidosis and dehydration IV sodium bicarbonate
Encourage feeding on forage
Rumen function stimulants
Emergency Slaughter

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8
Q

What is the surgery name that is a treatment for severe ARA

A

Rumenotomy

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9
Q

Why could you see a cow coughing up blood as a consequence of ARA

A
  1. Ruminitis that causes liver abscess
  2. Travel in blood stream and causes absecess in lungs
  3. Abseccess in lungs burst cause coughing of blood
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10
Q

Why does subclinical ARA (SARA) happen

A

Feeding of diets of high energy density and low fibre content
Economical important in high yielding dairy cattle and intensive fattening operations

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11
Q

Consequences of SARA

A

Decreased feed intake
Loss of body condition (mainly in early lactation)
Increase lameness (laminitis/white line disease)
Infertility
Diarrhoea/soft faeces containing undigested material
Milk fat depression (fermentation changes, decreased ratio acetate/propionate)
High culling rate
Increased mastitis

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12
Q

Is SARA diagnosed at individual level or herd level

A

Herd Level

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13
Q

What is normal pH of rumen

A

5.5

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14
Q

T/F High butterfat levels can indicate ruminal acidosis

A

False! LOW butterfat levels

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15
Q

What is the dangerous level of pH in rumen

A

<5.2

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16
Q

How to record rumen pH

A

Ruminocentesis- Not accurate
Rumen bolus- equipment that records conditions of rumen for 180 days

17
Q

How many percent of cows should be ruminating

A

60%

4.3 Ruminant Production (28 decks)

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