Pig 1 2 Flashcards
What is the notifiable disease in pigs
African Swine Fever
What is PRRS
Porcine Reproduction Respiratory Syndrome
Normal temp range for pigs
38.6-39.1
Normal HR for pigs
70-80
Faster if younger
Normal RR for pig
13-18
Faster if younger
Common diseases that can be seen when examinaning head
Atrophic Rhinitis
Deviated septum
Discharge
Where to draw blood
Jugular
What is the best route for medicating pigs
Water, pigs stop eating before drinking
Outline stratergies for management of enzootic disease
Prompt treatment at therapeutic level at onset of clinical signs
Prophylaxis only in “Exceptional circumstances where the chance of infection is high and the outcome is likely to be severe”
Prophylaxis must be accompanied by a management review
Appropriate management controls eg all in all out
Segregated Early Weaning (US)
Vaccination
Most common respiratory disease
Enzootic pneumonia
PRRS
Swine influenza
Glasser disease
What is responsible for enzootic pneumonia
Microplasma
Clinical signs of enzootic pneumonia
Barking cough
Normally in pigs <50kg
Gradual spread
Depression of growth rate
Secondary infections common
Where is lesions commonly seen in enzootic pneumonia
Cranial regions of middle lobe
How is EP transmitted
Carrier pigs
Aerosols
Transfer via human clothes
Continuous flow systems
Diagnosis of EP
Barking cough
ELISA blood test
PCR on tissue
Characteristic lung tissue post mortem
Treatment of EP
Water medication with tetracyclines
Feed medication/Paraental treatment
EP control
Vaccination from 7-21 days
Isolation of incoming stock (6weeks)
Partial depopulation or full depopulation
EP management controls
All in, all out
Batch Farrowing
Avoid mixing and moving
Reduce stocking densities
Keep ventilation high
What is PRRS caused by
RNA virus
Why is PRRS of significant interest
It is a immunosuppressive virus
Can PRRS be transmitted via semen?
Yes
What kind of pneumonia is PRRS
Intertisial pneumonia
Clinical signs of PRRS
May not have obvious signs
Laboured breathing
Fever- 41
Weakness, Splay legs
Cyanosis
Oedema of eyelids in piglets
Increase in other diseases on farm
When the sow gets infected by PRRS, how long will she have to be to cause abortions
72 days
Distribution of PRRS in terms of pathology
Interstitial pneumonia
Excess pleural and pericardial fluid
No alveolar macrophages
Diagnosis of PRRS
Histopathology absence of alveolar macrophages
PCR testing on tissue, blood or rope testing
Serology( ELISA,IPMA)
Control of PRRS
Isolation
Filtration on air intakes
Purchase of seronegative pigs
Vaccinations (live attenuated/killed-not as effective)
Control secondary infections
Partial/full depopulation
Enhanced biosecurity
Clinical sign of swine influenza
Involvement of whole herd
Lethargy, anorexia
Fever
Productive cough, sneezing
Runny eyes
Weight loss
Mortality rare
Describe pathology of lung that has swine influenza
Demarcated collpased plum coloured lung lesions
Mucus and purulent exudate in bronchi
Diagnosis of influenza
Clinical sign of complete herd involvement
Post mortem
Virus isolation using PCR from nasal swabs. tonsilar or lung tissue
Control and treatment of influenza
Vaccination of sows
Water soluble aspirin/paracetamol
Vaccination of stockperson
AB to treat secondary diseases
Bird exclusion
Pleuropneumonia primarily affects what kind of pigs
Growing pigs
Bacteria name that causes pleuropneumonia
Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia
Gram neg cocci
Pleuropneumonia clinical signs
Really acute onset from 6-8 weeks
Severe coughing to cause vomitting
Fever
Death following 4-6 hours after onset of clinical signs
Pleuropneumonia pathology
Lesions are red and black before pleurisy but rapidly become covered in fibrin
Lesions become firm and whitish with necrotic centres
Pleuropneumonia diagnosis
C/S
Lesions
Slaughter house inspections
PCR
Pleuropneumonia treatment
Penicillin, Ceftiofur as drug as last resort
NSAIDS for sick pigs- Meloxicam
Water medication
