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4.3 Ruminant Production > Pig 1 2 > Flashcards

Pig 1 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the notifiable disease in pigs

A

African Swine Fever

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2
Q

What is PRRS

A

Porcine Reproduction Respiratory Syndrome

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3
Q

Normal temp range for pigs

A

38.6-39.1

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4
Q

Normal HR for pigs

A

70-80
Faster if younger

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5
Q

Normal RR for pig

A

13-18
Faster if younger

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6
Q

Common diseases that can be seen when examinaning head

A

Atrophic Rhinitis
Deviated septum
Discharge

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7
Q

Where to draw blood

A

Jugular

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8
Q

What is the best route for medicating pigs

A

Water, pigs stop eating before drinking

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9
Q

Outline stratergies for management of enzootic disease

A

Prompt treatment at therapeutic level at onset of clinical signs
Prophylaxis only in “Exceptional circumstances where the chance of infection is high and the outcome is likely to be severe”
Prophylaxis must be accompanied by a management review
Appropriate management controls eg all in all out
Segregated Early Weaning (US)
Vaccination

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10
Q

Most common respiratory disease

A

Enzootic pneumonia
PRRS
Swine influenza
Glasser disease

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11
Q

What is responsible for enzootic pneumonia

A

Microplasma

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12
Q

Clinical signs of enzootic pneumonia

A

Barking cough
Normally in pigs <50kg
Gradual spread
Depression of growth rate
Secondary infections common

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13
Q

Where is lesions commonly seen in enzootic pneumonia

A

Cranial regions of middle lobe

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14
Q

How is EP transmitted

A

Carrier pigs
Aerosols
Transfer via human clothes
Continuous flow systems

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15
Q

Diagnosis of EP

A

Barking cough
ELISA blood test
PCR on tissue
Characteristic lung tissue post mortem

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16
Q

Treatment of EP

A

Water medication with tetracyclines
Feed medication/Paraental treatment

17
Q

EP control

A

Vaccination from 7-21 days
Isolation of incoming stock (6weeks)
Partial depopulation or full depopulation

18
Q

EP management controls

A

All in, all out
Batch Farrowing
Avoid mixing and moving
Reduce stocking densities
Keep ventilation high

19
Q

What is PRRS caused by

A

RNA virus

20
Q

Why is PRRS of significant interest

A

It is a immunosuppressive virus

21
Q

Can PRRS be transmitted via semen?

A

Yes

22
Q

What kind of pneumonia is PRRS

A

Intertisial pneumonia

23
Q

Clinical signs of PRRS

A

May not have obvious signs
Laboured breathing
Fever- 41
Weakness, Splay legs
Cyanosis
Oedema of eyelids in piglets
Increase in other diseases on farm

24
Q

When the sow gets infected by PRRS, how long will she have to be to cause abortions

A

72 days

25
Q

Distribution of PRRS in terms of pathology

A

Interstitial pneumonia
Excess pleural and pericardial fluid
No alveolar macrophages

26
Q

Diagnosis of PRRS

A

Histopathology absence of alveolar macrophages
PCR testing on tissue, blood or rope testing
Serology( ELISA,IPMA)

27
Q

Control of PRRS

A

Isolation
Filtration on air intakes
Purchase of seronegative pigs
Vaccinations (live attenuated/killed-not as effective)
Control secondary infections
Partial/full depopulation
Enhanced biosecurity

28
Q

Clinical sign of swine influenza

A

Involvement of whole herd
Lethargy, anorexia
Fever
Productive cough, sneezing
Runny eyes
Weight loss
Mortality rare

29
Q

Describe pathology of lung that has swine influenza

A

Demarcated collpased plum coloured lung lesions
Mucus and purulent exudate in bronchi

30
Q

Diagnosis of influenza

A

Clinical sign of complete herd involvement
Post mortem
Virus isolation using PCR from nasal swabs. tonsilar or lung tissue

31
Q

Control and treatment of influenza

A

Vaccination of sows
Water soluble aspirin/paracetamol
Vaccination of stockperson
AB to treat secondary diseases
Bird exclusion

32
Q

Pleuropneumonia primarily affects what kind of pigs

A

Growing pigs

33
Q

Bacteria name that causes pleuropneumonia

A

Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia
Gram neg cocci

34
Q

Pleuropneumonia clinical signs

A

Really acute onset from 6-8 weeks
Severe coughing to cause vomitting
Fever
Death following 4-6 hours after onset of clinical signs

35
Q

Pleuropneumonia pathology

A

Lesions are red and black before pleurisy but rapidly become covered in fibrin
Lesions become firm and whitish with necrotic centres

36
Q

Pleuropneumonia diagnosis

A

C/S
Lesions
Slaughter house inspections
PCR

37
Q

Pleuropneumonia treatment

A

Penicillin, Ceftiofur as drug as last resort
NSAIDS for sick pigs- Meloxicam
Water medication

38
Q
A

4.3 Ruminant Production (9 decks)

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