USMLEasy 3 Flashcards
Alzheimer’s disease – first ability to go? Last to go?
Memory disturbances
Social behavior
Withdrawal of this causes hyper alert confusion?
Alcohol (opiates do not cause confusion)
Breast-cancer rate in lesbians versus heterosexuals?
Not different
Best Noncardiac intervention for heart failure?
Discontinuing alcohol
Intervention that raises HDL most?
Moderate alcohol
Cluster headache prophylactic management?
#CCB – nifedipine #Prednisone #Indomethacin #Li
Most sensitive test for endometriosis?
MRI
Class of antidepressants that best prophylactic treat migraines?
Tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline)
Hot tub folliculitis caused by? Treatment?
Pseudomonas; reassurance
LFT that indicates poor prognosis in primary biliary cirrhosis?
Bilirubin
Patient complains of anterior knee pain. Mild swelling, significant stiffness after sitting for long periods of time. Positive patellar grind test. – Suspected diagnosis? Mechanism? Treatment?
Patellofemoral syndrome; Patella tracks laterally to vastus lateralis
Strengthen hamstrings and vastus medialis
Most common overuse injury seen in athletes?
Patellofemoral syndrome
In order to prevent relapse, treatment for depressive disorders should continue for?
6-9 months
Initial laboratory workup for Fatigue includes?
#BMP #CBC #Thyroid #ESR #UA #Pregnancy #age/gender appropriate cancer screening (prostate, breast, lung)
Most common causes of fatigue in primary care?
#Depression #Life stress #Chronic medical conditions #Medical reactions
Atrovent used for?
COPD
Asthma patient has failed short acting beta agonist and inhaled corticosteroid – options for next step in therapy?
Long acting beta agonist or leukotriene receptor agonist
Hematuria throughout urination occurs with?
Terminal hematuria suggests?
#Bladder or renal lesions or kidney stones #Bladder neck or prostatic urethral leave
Medication used for urge incontinence?
Stress incontinence?
Pseudoephedrine
#Oxybutynin (anticholinergic) #tolterodine (anticholinergic)
Patients with BPH – drug options?
Prostatitis?
Bactrim
#Finasteride #terazosin
When to obtain ankle radiographs after injury? (Ottawa ankle rules)
#Unable to walk #Tenderness over malleoli #Midfoot tenderness #Proximal fifth metatarsal tenderness
Never treat uncomplicated acute bronchitis with?
#Antibiotics #NSAID #Nasal steroid
#Inhaled steroid #Oral steroid taper
RDW in iron deficiency? Thalassemia?
Elevated
Normal
Naltrexone – mechanism of action in opioid addiction?
Alcohol addiction?
Saturates/blocks opiate receptor
Reducing reinforcing effects of alcohol (no getting drunk)
How do contraceptives treat dysmenorrhea?
Suppression of prostaglandin release
Smoking cessation affects what lipids?
HDL(raises)
BP Medications that prevents recurrence stroke?
Combination diuretic ACE inhibitor
Beta blockers that reduce mortality?
#Carvedilol #Metoprolol #Bisoprolol
Patient presents with radicular pain with normal radiographs and no response to conservative therapy – when is an MRI indicated?
Pain persists more than six weeks
Concerning side effects of niacin?
Increases insulin resistance