USMLEasy 3 Flashcards

0
Q

Alzheimer’s disease – first ability to go? Last to go?

A

Memory disturbances

Social behavior

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1
Q

Withdrawal of this causes hyper alert confusion?

A

Alcohol (opiates do not cause confusion)

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2
Q

Breast-cancer rate in lesbians versus heterosexuals?

A

Not different

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3
Q

Best Noncardiac intervention for heart failure?

A

Discontinuing alcohol

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4
Q

Intervention that raises HDL most?

A

Moderate alcohol

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5
Q

Cluster headache prophylactic management?

A
#CCB – nifedipine 
#Prednisone
#Indomethacin
#Li
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6
Q

Most sensitive test for endometriosis?

A

MRI

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7
Q

Class of antidepressants that best prophylactic treat migraines?

A

Tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline)

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8
Q

Hot tub folliculitis caused by? Treatment?

A

Pseudomonas; reassurance

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9
Q

LFT that indicates poor prognosis in primary biliary cirrhosis?

A

Bilirubin

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10
Q

Patient complains of anterior knee pain. Mild swelling, significant stiffness after sitting for long periods of time. Positive patellar grind test. – Suspected diagnosis? Mechanism? Treatment?

A

Patellofemoral syndrome; Patella tracks laterally to vastus lateralis

Strengthen hamstrings and vastus medialis

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11
Q

Most common overuse injury seen in athletes?

A

Patellofemoral syndrome

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12
Q

In order to prevent relapse, treatment for depressive disorders should continue for?

A

6-9 months

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13
Q

Initial laboratory workup for Fatigue includes?

A
#BMP
#CBC
#Thyroid
#ESR
#UA
#Pregnancy
#age/gender appropriate cancer screening (prostate, breast, lung)
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14
Q

Most common causes of fatigue in primary care?

A
#Depression
#Life stress
#Chronic medical conditions
#Medical reactions
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15
Q

Atrovent used for?

A

COPD

16
Q

Asthma patient has failed short acting beta agonist and inhaled corticosteroid – options for next step in therapy?

A

Long acting beta agonist or leukotriene receptor agonist

17
Q

Hematuria throughout urination occurs with?

Terminal hematuria suggests?

A
#Bladder or renal lesions or kidney stones
#Bladder neck or prostatic urethral leave
18
Q

Medication used for urge incontinence?

Stress incontinence?

A

Pseudoephedrine

#Oxybutynin (anticholinergic)
#tolterodine (anticholinergic)
19
Q

Patients with BPH – drug options?

Prostatitis?

A

Bactrim

#Finasteride
#terazosin
20
Q

When to obtain ankle radiographs after injury? (Ottawa ankle rules)

A
#Unable to walk
#Tenderness over malleoli
#Midfoot tenderness
#Proximal fifth metatarsal tenderness
21
Q

Never treat uncomplicated acute bronchitis with?

A
#Antibiotics
#NSAID
#Nasal steroid
#Inhaled steroid
#Oral steroid taper
22
Q

RDW in iron deficiency? Thalassemia?

A

Elevated

Normal

23
Q

Naltrexone – mechanism of action in opioid addiction?

Alcohol addiction?

A

Saturates/blocks opiate receptor

Reducing reinforcing effects of alcohol (no getting drunk)

24
Q

How do contraceptives treat dysmenorrhea?

A

Suppression of prostaglandin release

25
Q

Smoking cessation affects what lipids?

A

HDL(raises)

26
Q

BP Medications that prevents recurrence stroke?

A

Combination diuretic ACE inhibitor

27
Q

Beta blockers that reduce mortality?

A
#Carvedilol
#Metoprolol
#Bisoprolol
28
Q

Patient presents with radicular pain with normal radiographs and no response to conservative therapy – when is an MRI indicated?

A

Pain persists more than six weeks

29
Q

Concerning side effects of niacin?

A

Increases insulin resistance