URTI Flashcards
What is otitis media?
Middle ear infection
Associated with URTI
What is the presentation of otitis media?
Erythema, pain
Bulging drum
Crying, fever
What is the management of otitis media?
Self limiting- analgesia
Antibiotics if <2yo and bilateral
What are the common causes of tonsillitis?
Bacterial
Viral
What is the presentation of tonsillitis?
PAin Dysphagia and odynophagia Fever, malaise Lymphadenopathy Enlargement of tonsils
How is tonsillitis diagnosed?
Clinical
Throat swab uf suspect of bacterial
What are the indications for antibiotics in tonsillitis?
FeverPAIN Fever Purulence Attent <3days Inflamed tonsils No cough/coryza
What is the antibiotic management of bacterial tonsillitis?
10 days phenoxymethylpenicillin
What are the management options for tonsillitis?
Analgesia
Antibiotics
Recurrent= tonsillectomy
What are the complications of tonsillectomy?
Haemorrhage
Coroner’s clot
What is croup?
Common and self limiting viral infection of URT
What is the cause of croup?
Usually parainfluenza virus
Who gets croup?
6months to 3 yo
What is the presentation of croup?
Barking cough Coryza Stridor Harseness Generally well child
What is the management of croup?
Oral dexamethasone single dose
Supportive
What is the management of severe croup?
High flow O2 and neb adrenaline
Admission
What are the indications for admission with croup?
Severe
<6months
What is epiglottitis?
Rare and dangerous bacterial URTI
What causes epiglottitis?
H. influenza
What is the presentation of epiglottitis?
Stridor
Drooling
Leaning forward
High temperature, unwell child
What is the management of epiglottitis?
Intibation
Antibiotics
What causes whooping cough?
Cordetella pertussis
What is the presentation of whooping cough?
2-3 days coryza then
Coughing bouts- worse at night and after feeding, can lead to vomiting, central cyanosis, apnoea
Inspiratory whoop
Can last 10-14 weeks
What investigations are done for whooping cough?
Nasal swab culture
PCR and serology
How is whooping cough diagnosed?
Acute cough >14 days without another cause, and 1 of
- paroxysmal cough
- inspiratpry whoop
- post-tussive vomiting
- undiagnosed apnoeic attacks
What is the management of whooping cough in <6 months?
Admit and antibiotics
What is the management of whooping cough?
Antibotocs- clairythromycin, azithromycin, erythromycin
What is the prevention of whooping cough?
Immunisation
Antibiotic prophylaxis for household contacts
What are the complications of whooping cough?
Subconjunctival haemorrhage
Pneumonia
Bronchiectasis
