Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Paeds AM > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

What is asthma?

A

Airway inflammation mediated by immune system

widespread narrowing of airways, increased airway activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the risk factors for asthma?

A

Genetics- atopy

Smoking- mother and/or grandmother smoking during pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the presentation of asthma?

A 
Wheeze
Cough- dry, worse in morning and at night
SOB
Chest tightness
Sputum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How is asthma diagnosed in <5s?

A

Clinically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How is asthma diagnosed in 5-16yo?

A

Spirometry with bronchodilator reversibility test

FeNO test if non diagnostic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for asthma?

A

Wheeze

Responds to treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the steps for chronic management of asthma in <5s?

A
  1. SABA
  2. SABA + ICS
  3. SABA + ICS + LTRA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the steps of chronic asthma management in >5s?

A
  1. SABA
  2. SABA + ICS
  3. SABA + ICS + LTRA
  4. SABA + ICS + LABA +/- LTRA
  5. Long term oral steroids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the management of acute asthma?

A 
Oxygen through non rebreather
salbutamol neb
hydrocortisone 100mg/pred 40mg
Ipratropium neb
theophylline- small print, rarely used
magnesium sulphate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is laryngomalacia?

A

Supraglottic Larynx causes partial airway obstruction

Most common cause of chronic stridor in children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the presentation of laryngomalacia?

A

Inspiratory stridor- intermittent, can cause difficulty feeding
Omega shaped glottis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the management of laryngomalacia?

A

Usually self limiting

Severe distress= tracheostomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is respiratory distress syndrome?

A

Inadequate surfactant leading to high surface tension within alveoli –> atelectasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Who is RDS seen in?

A

50% infants born 26-28 weeks

25% born 30-31 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the presentation of RDS?

A

Tachypnoea
Intercostal recession
Expiratory grunting
Cynosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What investigations for done for RDS?

A

CXR- groin glass appearance with indistinct heart border

17
Q

What is the prevention of RDS?

A

Maternal corticosteroids if premature labour likely

18
Q

What is the management of RDS?

A

Oxygen
Assisted ventilation- CPAP preferably
Exogenous surfactant via ET tube

19
Q

What are the complications of RDS?

A

Pneumothorax
Infection
Pulmonary haemorrhage
Chronic lung disease of prematurity

20
Q

What is the presentation of chronic lung disease of prematurity?

A 
Low sats
Increased work of breathing
Poor feeding and weight gain
Crackles and wheeze
Increased susceptibility to infection
21
Q

How is chronic lung disease of prematurity diagnosed?

A

Characteristic CXR

Requires oxygen therapy after 36 weeks

Paeds AM (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions